Process For Preparing Pyrido[2,3-D]Pyrimidin-7-One And 3,4-Dihydropyrimido{4,5-D}Pyrimidin-2(1H)-One Derivatives

ABSTRACT

The present invention is directed to a novel method of preparing of 2,4,8-trisubstituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one pharmacophores of Formula (II)  
                 
wherein 
     G1 is CH 2  or NH: G2 is CH or nitrogen;    Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O) 2 CF 3 ;    R g  is a C 1-10 alkyl; m is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, or 2;    R 3  is a C 1-10 alkyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl C 1-10 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1-10 alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC 1-10 alkyl, heterocyclic or a heterocyclylC 1-10 alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted. 
 
which comprises reacting a compound of the formula:  
                 
wherein    Ry is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O) 2 CF 3 ; and    Rg is a C 1-10 alkyl; with a olefin forming reagent in a suitable base to yield a compound of Formula (II), wherein m=0 and oxidizing the sulphur as necessary or desired.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a novel process to produce pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one containing compounds or 3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one containing compounds.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Preparation of 2,4,8-trisubstituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one has been demonstrated by a small, but limited, number of methods. In general, these methods either include lengthy synthetic sequence (e.g., more than 5 steps in the longest linear sequence from commercially available starting materials) or are not conducive for use in structure-activity relationship studies [e.g., not amenable to multi-dimensional (>or =2-D) array syntheses]. Doherty, J. B. et al., (Merck, U.S. Pat. No. 6,809,199) discloses an eight-step method to prepare intermediates with structures similar to (II) wherein C4 and N8 have already been substituted with phenyl groups. Mauro, A. et al. (Pharmacia, US 2004/0009993) reported a nine-step method to prepare intermediates with structures similar to (II) wherein C4 is substituted with C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ arylalkyl and N8 has been connected with a phenyl group. Adams, J. L. et al. (SmithKline Beecham: WO 02/059083; WO 03/088972; Tetrahedron Letters, 2003, Vol. 44, pages 4567-4570) discloses a four-step method to prepare intermediates with structures similar to (II) wherein the C4 position has already been substituted via a Suzuki cross coupling reaction and N8 is substituted with alkyl or aryl.

However, despite all of these methods there still remains a need for an efficient method to prepare 2,4,8-trisubstituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyridine-7-one that can independently optimize the substituents at C2 and C4.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to the novel compounds of Formula (II):

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   R_(g) is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   m is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, or 2; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted.

The present invention is also directed to a novel process to make compounds of Formula (II) wherein m=0, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula:

wherein

-   Ry is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; and -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl;     with a olefin forming reagent in a suitable base to yield a compound     of Formula (II), wherein G2 is CH, which may optionally be reduced     to a compound of Formula (IIa) under standard reducing conditions if     desired.

The present invention is also directed to the novel compounds of Formula (V)

wherein

-   Ry is bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; and -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl.

The present invention is also directed to novel compounds of Formula (III):

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)_(m)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or     N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); -   X₁ is N(R₁₁), O, S(O)_(m), or CR₁₀R₂₀; -   R_(h) is selected from an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl,     —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂—O—CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—C(O)N(R_(10′))CH₂—CH₂—,     —CH₂—N(R_(10′))C(O)CH₂—, —CH₂—CH(OR₁₀)—CH₂, —CH₂—C(O)O—CH₂—CH₂—, or     —CH₂—CH₂—O—C(O)CH₂—; -   R_(q) and R_(q′) are independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkenyl-C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, wherein all of the moieties,     excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted, or R_(q) and R_(q′)     together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 to 7     membered optionally substituted ring, which ring may contain an     additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; -   R₂ is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each     of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally     substituted; or R₂ is the moiety     (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); -   R_(2′) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each     of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally     substituted; -   R_(2″), is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, heteroaryl,     heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl     moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be     optionally substituted; or     -   wherein R_(2″), is the moiety         (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(t)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); -   A₁ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or     aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   A₂ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or     aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   A₃ is hydrogen or is an optionally substituted C₁₀alkyl; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted; -   R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected from hydrogen,     C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl,     aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocylic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or a     heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties,     excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or the R₄ and R₁₄     together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an     optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which     ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from     oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; -   R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen     or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R₁₁ is independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   n′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 to 10; -   m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 or 2; -   q is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; -   q′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 6; or -   t is an integer having a value of 2 to 6.

The present invention is also directed to a process for making a compound Formula (III) or (IIIa), which comprises reacting a compound of formula (II) or (IIa)

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   m is an integer having a value of 1, or 2; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted. -   with the compound X-Y, -   wherein X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or     N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); and R₂, R_(2′), m, n′,     R₁₁, R_(10′), R_(h) and R_(q)R_(q′) are as defined according to     Formula (III) herein; and

Y is hydrogen, a metal, a boronic acid derivative, or a trialkyl tin derivative, in an anhydrous organic solvent which does not contain a nucleophile to yield a compound of Formula (III); provided that when Y is hydrogen then

-   -   a) X═OR_(2′), or X is S(O)_(m)R_(2′) (and m=0); or     -   b) X is (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))S(O)_(m)R_(2′),         (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or         (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) and n′=0; or     -   c) X═R₂ and R₂═(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), q′=0,         and X₁ is N(R_(10′)), O, S(O)_(m) and m=0.     -   d) when X is N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); and

when Y is a metal, such as Li, Mg, or any other appropriate metal or metal complexes; then

-   -   a) X is R₂, and R₂ is C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl,         C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl,         heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl         moiety; and

when Y is a boronic acid, (B(OH)₂) or boronic ester derivatives

-   -   a) X═R₂, and R₂=aryl, or heteroaryl; and

when Y is a trialkyl tin derivative, such as (C₁₋₄alkyl)₃Sn, then

-   -   a) X═R₂, and R₂=aryl, or heteroaryl.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is an alternative process for preparation of compounds having a pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one template or a 3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives.

This novel process provides for facile variation of the C4 position in the both of these templates, and therefore ease of use in the making of a combinatorial array.

The process as will be described herein provides for different (R₁) substituents to be introduced at the C₄ position of the compounds with the general structure of Formula I, late in a synthetic sequence after the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one or the 3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one template has already been substituted with a substituent (“X” in Formula I) at the C₂ position and with another substituent (“R₃” in Formula I) at the N₈ position.

Generically the reaction is:

wherein W is a leaving group such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, OS(O)CF₃; and R₁, R₃ and X are as defined in Formula (I).

Compounds of Formula (I) are represented by the structure:

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂, or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   R₁ is an aryl, aryl C₂₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkyl;     aryl C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, arylC₂₋₁₀alkynyl, heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkenyl,     heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, or C₂₋₁₀alkynyl moiety, which     moieties may be optionally substituted; -   X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₀)S(O)_(m)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄,     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or     N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); -   X₁ is N(R₁₁), O, S(O)_(m), or CR₁₀R₂₀; -   R_(h) is selected from an optionally substituted C₁₀alkyl,     —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂—O—CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—C(O)N(R_(10′))CH₂—CH₂—,     —CH₂—N(R_(10′))C(O)CH₂—, —CH₂—CH(OR₁₀)—CH₂, —CH₂—C(O)O—CH₂—CH₂—, or     —CH₂—CH₂-O—C(O)CH₂—; -   R_(q) and R_(q′) are independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkenyl-C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, wherein all of the moieties,     excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted, or R_(q) and R_(q′)     together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 to 7     membered optionally substituted ring, which ring may contain an     additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; -   R₂ is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each     of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally     substituted; or     -   R₂ is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or         (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); -   R_(2′) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₀ alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these     moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; -   R_(2″) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these     moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or     wherein R_(2″) is the moiety     (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(t)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); -   A₁ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or     aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   A₂ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or     aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   A₃ is hydrogen or is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   R₃ is C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl     moiety, and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally     substituted; -   R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl,     aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or     a heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties,     excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or the R₄ and R₁₄     together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an     optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which     ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from     oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; -   R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen     or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R₁₁ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or     C₁₋₄alkyl; -   n′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 to 10; -   m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 or 2; -   q is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; -   q′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 6; -   t is an integer having a value of 2 to 6; or     a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or physiologically     functional derivative thereof.

Compounds of Formula (I) having a similar template are described in WO 01/64679, WO 02/059083, and WO 03/088972 whose disclosures are incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.

It should be noted that the difference between compounds of Formula (I) and (Ia), as well as (II) and (IIa), (III) and (IIIa) lie in the unsaturation of the ring at the C5 position and the 6-position of the ring which may be a carbon or a nitrogen. The remaining variables on the ring are the same otherwise, e.g. Rx, R1, R3, etc. for each formula. Unless otherwise specified, the substitution applicable to Formula (I) is also applicable to Formula (Ia), etc.

For all of the formulas herein having an R₁ substitutent, R₁ is suitably an aryl, aryl C₂₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkyl; aryl C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, arylC₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, or C₂₋₁₀alkynyl moiety, which moieties may be optionally substituted.

In one embodiment R₁ is an optionally substituted aryl, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring. Preferably, R₁ is an optionally substituted aryl, more preferably an optionally substituted phenyl.

R₁ may be substituted one or more times, suitably 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)—C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)COR_(a′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(O)H, ZC(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); N(R_(10′))C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); or N(R_(10′))OC(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b).

Suitably, R_(b) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, which moieties excluding hydrogen, may all be optionally substituted.

In one embodiment of the invention when the R₁ moiety is phenyl, and the phenyl ring is substituted by the moiety (R_(1″)) wherein R_(1″) is selected from C(Z)N(R₁₀)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), N(R_(10′))C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or N(R_(10′))OC(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b). The phenyl ring may also be additionally substituted by the substituent (R_(10′))g, wherein g is 0 or an integer having a value of 1, 2, 3, or 4. In one embodiment of the invention, g is 0, 1 or 2. When the R₁ moiety is substituted by R_(1″) then these substituents are preferably in the 3- or 4-position of the phenyl ring.

Suitably, the R_(1′) moiety is independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃.

In one embodiment of the invention, R₁ is substituted by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, such as CF₃. In a further embodiment R₁ is an aryl moiety, preferably a phenyl ring.

In another embodiment of the invention R₁ is substituted by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

In one embodiment, R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl. In another embodiment, R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, or CF₃. In a further embodiment R₁ is an aryl moiety, preferably a phenyl ring.

In one embodiment, R₁ is an aryl moiety, preferably a phenyl ring, optionally substituted one or more times by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl. More preferably, the phenyl ring is substituted in the 2, 4, or 6-position, or di-substituted in the 2,4-position, such as 2-fluoro, 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 2,4-difluoro, or 2-methyl-4-fluoro; or tri-substituted in the 2,4,6-position such as 2,4,6-trifluoro.

In another embodiment R₁ is an aryl moiety, preferably a phenyl ring, optionally substituted one or more times by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈. In one embodiment, R₈ is hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl, R₁₃ is hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl; Rb is suitably hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl. Preferably, R₁ is a phenyl substituted by 2-methoxy, 3-methoxy, 4-methoxy, 2-chloro, 3-chloro, 4-chloro, 2-fluoro, 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 4-difluoro, 2,4,6-trifluoro, 3,4-difluoro, 3,5-difluoro, 2-methyl-4-fluoro, 2-methyl-4-chloro, 2-methyl sulfanyl, 3-methyl sulfanyl, 4-methylsulfanyl, 2-phenyl, 3-phenyl, 4-phenyl, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-methyl, 3-fluoro-4-phenyl, 2-hydroxy, 3-hydroxy, 4-hydroxy, 2-methylsulfonyl, 3-methylsulfonyl, 4-methylsulfonyl, 3-N-cyclopropylamide, 2-methyl-3-fluoro-5-N-cyclopropylamide, 2-C(O)OH, 3-C(O)OH, 4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-5-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-3-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-3-F-5-C(O)OH, 4-F-phenyl1-amide, 2-ethyl-5-C(O)OH, 2-ethyl-3-C(O)OH, 2-ethyl-4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-5-dimethylamide, 2-methyl-4-dimethylamide, 5-dimethylamide, and 4-dimethylamide.

A preferred R₁ moiety is 4-methyl-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzamide, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide, 4-methyl-N-propylbenzamide, 4-methyl-N-isopropylbenzamide, 2-methyl-4-fluorophenyl, or 2-methyl-3-fluorophenyl, and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenyl.

Suitably, when R₁ is a heteroaryl moiety, the ring is not attached to the pharmacophore via one of the heteroatoms, such as nitrogen to form a charged ring. For instance, a pyridinyl ring would be attached through a carbon atom to yield a 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl moiety, which is optionally substituted.

If R₁ is substituted by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); N(R_(10′))C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); N(R_(10′))OC(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); it is preferably in the 4 or 5 position of the ring. If the ring is additionally substituted by R_(1′), and R₁ is a phenyl ring, then the additional substituents are present in the ortho position, if a second R_(1′) moiety is also substituted on the ring, then preferably, this second R_(1′) substitution is not in the other ortho position.

Suitably, R_(a′) is C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)OR₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)NR₄R₁₄; and wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl may be optionally substituted.

Suitably, R_(d) and R_(d′) are each independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, or the R_(d) and R_(d′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 5 to 6 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′), and wherein the R_(d) and R_(d′) moieties which are C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, and the R₄ and R₁₄ cyclized ring are optionally substituted, 1 to 4 times, independently by halogen; halosubstituted C₁₋₄ alkyl; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl; C₁₋₄alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₄ alkoxy; S(O)mRf; C(O)Rj; C(O)ORj; C(O)NR_(4′)R_(14′), NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₄alkyl; S(O)₂NR_(4′)R_(14′)C₁₋₄alkyl; NR_(4′)R_(14′)S(O)₂C₁₋₄alkyl; or NR₄₁R_(14′.)

Suitably R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl.

Suitably, Z is independently at each occurrence selected from oxygen or sulfur.

Suitably, m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2.

Suitably, v is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 2.

Suitably, v′ is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2.

Suitably, R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl.

Suitably, R₁₀, is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl.

Suitably, R₁₁ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl.

Suitably, R₁₂ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₄ alkyl, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted.

Suitably, R₁₃ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄ alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted 1 to 4 times by halogen; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkyl; C₁₋₄alkyl; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl; C₁₋₄alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkoxy; S(O)_(m)C₁₋₄alkyl; —C(O), C(O)C₁₋₄alkyl; or NR_(21′)R_(31′).

Suitably, R_(21′) and R_(31′) are each independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R_(21′) and R_(31′) together with the nitrogen to which they are attached cyclize to form a 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur.

The R_(b) moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted, one or more times, preferably 1 to 4 times independently at each occurrence by halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, such as methoxy or ethoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; OR₈, such as methoxy, ethoxy or phenoxy; SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, such as methyl thio, methylsulfinyl or methyl sulfonyl; C(O)R_(j); C(O)OR_(j); C(O)NR_(4″)R_(14″); cyano; nitro; NR₁₅R₂₅; -Z′-(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(s)-Z′; C₁₋₁₀alkyl; such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, n-butyl, etc.; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl or a C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl group, such as cyclopropyl, or cyclopropyl methyl, or cyclopropyl ethyl, etc.; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, such CF₂CF₂H, CH₂CF₃, or CF₃; an optionally substituted aryl, such as phenyl, or an optionally substituted aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, such as benzyl or phenethyl; an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, and wherein these aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclic containing moieties may also be substituted one to two times by halogen, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, the moiety includes but is not limited to a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, heptyl, 2-methylpropyl; a halosubstituted alkyl, such as 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl; a cyano substituted alkyl, such as cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl; an alkoxy, thio or hydroxy substituted alkyl, such as 2-methoxy-ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or serinol, or an ethylthioethyl.

In an alternative embodiment, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl the moiety is a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, n-butyl, or 2,2-dimethylpropyl or 2-hydroxy propyl group.

Suitably, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl they are as defined in the definition section, and include but are not limited, to furyl, pyranyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxathiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, and uracil, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, azaindolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, cinnolinyl, purinyl, and phthalazinyl.

Suitably, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted heterocyclic, heterocyclic alkyl, they are as defined in the definition section,

In one embodiment of the invention, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl, heterocyclic or heterocyclic alkyl, the moiety is a 1,3-thiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl, isoquinoline, 3-thiophene, indol-5-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridine-4-yl, indazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-5-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, 4-morpholino, 2-furanyl, 2-furanylmethyl, 2-thienyl, 2-thienylmethyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl methyl, tetrahydro-2-furanyl, or tetrahydro-2-furanylmethyl, 1H-imidazol-4-yl or 1H-imidazol-4-ylethyl.

In an alternative embodiment, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted heteroaryl the moiety is a 1,3-thiazol-2-yl or 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl, isoquinolinyl, thiophene, pyridinyl, indazolyl, benzothiazolyl, e.g. 2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-5-yl.

In another embodiment, the heteroaryl ring is an optionally substituted thiazolyl, pyridyl, or thiophene ring.

Suitably, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted aryl or arylalkyl moiety, the aryl containing is unsubstituted or substituted independently at each occurrence one or more times by halogen, alkyl, cyano, OR₈, SR_(s), S(O)₂R₅, C(O)R_(j), C(O)OR_(j), -Z′-(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(s)-Z′, halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl.

In one embodiment, R_(b) is a phenyl, or napthylene, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2,3-difluorphenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 2-methyl phenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 6-methyl phenyl, 2-methyl phenyl, 3-amino phenyl, 3,4-dimethyl phenyl, 4-methyl-3-fluorophenyl, 4-trifluorophenyl, 4-ethoxyphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 4-thiomethylphenyl, 4-acetylphenyl, 4-dimethylaminophenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, phenylpropyl, 2,3-difluoro-benzyl, 3,5-difluoro-benzyl, biphenyl, 4′-fluorobiphenyl, 4-sulfonamindo-2-methylphenyl, or 3-phenyloxyphenyl, 4-phenyloxyphenyl, 4-(1-piperidinylsulfonyl)-phenyl, or 3-(aminocarbonyl)phenyl.

In another embodiment, R_(b) is a phenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 4-methyl-3-fluorophenyl, 4-trifluorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 4-ethoxyphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 4-thiomethylphenyl, 4-acetylphenyl, 4-dimethylaminophenyl, biphenyl, 4′-fluorobiphenyl, 4-sulfonamindo-2-methylphenyl, 3-phenyloxyphenyl, benzyl, or phenethyl.

Suitably, when R_(b) is an optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkyl alkyl moiety, the moiety is a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopropylmethyl, or a cyclopentylmethyl. In another embodiment, R_(b) is a cyclopropyl or cyclopropylmethyl group.

In another embodiment, R_(b) is hydrogen, or an optionally substituted alkyl.

In another embodiment, R_(b) is C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, or aryl, all optionally substituted.

The moiety -Z′-(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(s)-Z′ forms a cyclic ring, such as a dioxalane ring.

Suitably Z′ is independently selected at each occurrence from oxygen, or sulfur.

Suitably, s is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1, 2, or 3.

For each of the integer variables where appropriate, e.g. n, n′, m, q′, s, t, or v′, etc. they are independently chosen at each occurrence.

Suitably, R₅ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl or NR₄R_(14′), excluding the moieties SR₅ being SNR₄₁R_(14′), S(O)₂R₅ being SO₂H and S(O)R₅ being SOH.

Suitably, R_(f) is hydrogen, C₁₀alkyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted.

Suitably, R_(j) is C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety.

Suitably, R₈ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted independently at each occurrence, 1 to 4 times, by halogen; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkyl; C₁₋₄alkyl; C₃₋₅cycloalkyl; C₃₋₅cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkyl; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl; C₁₋₄alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkoxy; S(O)_(m)C₁₋₄alkyl; —C(O), C(O)C₁₋₄alkyl; NR_(21′)R_(31′); or an aryl or aryl C₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these aryl containing moieties may also be substituted one to two times independently at each occurrence, by halogen, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, S(O)_(m)C₁₋₄alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, R₁₅ and R₂₅ are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, or aryl-C₁₋₁₄ alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen may be optionally substituted; or R₁₅ and R₂₅ together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR₉; and wherein these moieties are optionally substituted 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; SR_(s), S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅; C(O)R_(j); C(O)OR_(j); C(O)NR_(4′)R_(14′); NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl; NR_(4′)C(O)aryl; NR_(4′)R_(14′); cyano; nitro; C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic and heterocyclicC₁₋₄alkyl and wherein these aryl, heterocyclic and heteroaryl containing moieties may also be substituted one to two times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₄ alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclicC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl; or the R₄ and R₁₄ together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; and wherein the C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₁₄ alkyl, heteroaryl and heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moieties, and the R₄ and R₁₄ cyclized ring are optionally substituted, 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence, by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; SR₅; S(O)R₅; S(O)₂R₅; C(O)R_(j); C(O)OR_(j); C(O)NR_(4′)R_(14′); (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇; (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(d)R_(d′); NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl; NR_(4′)C(O)aryl; NR_(4′)R_(14′); cyano; nitro; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkyl substituted one or more times by an optionally substituted aryl; an unsubstituted or substituted aryl, or arylC₁₋₄alkyl; an unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl, or heteroaryl C₁₋₄ alkyl; an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, or heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these aryl, heterocyclic and heteroaryl containing moieties are substituted one to two times independently at each occurrence by halogen; C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl; C₁₋₄alkoxy; S(O)_(m)alkyl; amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, or CF₃.

Suitably, when R₄ and R₁₄ together with the nitrogen cyclize to form an optionally substituted ring, such as described above, such rings include, but are not limited to pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, diazepine, azepine, morpholine, and thiomorpholine (including oxidizing the sulfur).

Suitably, R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R_(4′) and R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′). Suitably, when R_(4′) and R_(14′) cyclize to form an optionally substituted ring, such rings include, but are not limited to pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, and thiomorpholine (including oxidizing the sulfur).

Suitably, R_(4″) and R_(14″), are each independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₁₀alkyl, or R_(4″), and R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′). Suitably, when R_(4″), and R₁₄ cyclize to form an optionally substituted ring, such rings include, but are not limited to pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, diazepine, azepine, morpholine, and thiomorpholine (including oxidizing the sulfur).

Suitably, R₆ is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl or a heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen may be optionally substituted independently, one or more times, suitably 1 to 2 times, by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; S(O)_(m) alkyl; C(O); NR_(4′)R_(14′); C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; an unsubstituted aryl or arylalkyl, or an aryl or arylalkyl substituted one or two times by halogen, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, R₉ is hydrogen, C(Z)R₆, optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl. The alkyl, aryl and arylalkyl moieties may be optionally substituted 1 or 2 times, independently by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; S(O)_(m) alkyl; —C(O); NR₄₁R_(14′); C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkyl; an aryl or aryl C₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these aryl containing moieties may also be substituted one or two times independently by halogen, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)C₁₋₄alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, which moieties may be optionally substituted 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by hydrogen, halogen, nitro, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂ NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(═N(R_(10′))NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇.

In one embodiment, the R₃ moieties are optionally substituted 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen, nitro, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₆cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₆cycloalkenylC₁₋₄alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NHS(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R₁₀)C(Z)R₆, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆.

In one embodiment the R₃ moieties are optionally substituted independently, one or more times, suitably 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR₁₆R₂₆, or halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl. Further to this embodiment, R₃ is a phenyl ring, optionally substituted independently, one or more times, suitably 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, hydroxy, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, or halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl. In another embodiment, the R₃ substituents are selected independently from halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, or C₁₋₁₀alkyl, such as methyl.

In one embodiment the R₃ moieties are an optionally substituted C₁₀alkyl, optionally substituted C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl. In another embodiment, the R₃ moiety is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl. In another embodiment, R₃ is an optionally substituted phenyl.

Suitably, in one embodiment when R₃ is an aryl moiety, it is an optionally substituted phenyl ring. The phenyl is optionally substituted one or more times, independently at each occurrence, suitably 1 to 4 times by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl. The phenyl ring may be substituted in the 2, 4, or 6-position, or di-substituted in the 2,4-position or 2,6-position, such as 2-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 2,4-difluoro, 2,6-difluoro, or 2-methyl-4-fluoro; or tri-substituted in the 2,4,6-position, such as 2,4,6-trifluoro.

In one embodiment of the invention, the R₃ optional substituents are independently selected from halogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, or halosubstituted alkyl. In another embodiment, the optional substituents are independently selected from halogen, or alkyl.

Suitably, R₇ is C₁₋₆alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₆ alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl; and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted one or two times independently, by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; S(O)_(m) alkyl; C(O); NR_(4′)R_(14′); C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; an aryl or arylalkyl moiety, and wherein these aryl containing moieties may also be substituted one to two times by halogen, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted alkyl, C₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, R₁₆ and R₂₆ are each independently selected from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; or the R₁₆ and R₂₆ together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR₉.

Suitably, n is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10, and is independently selected at each occurrence.

Suitably, X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)mR_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or N(R_(10′))R_(h)NH—C(═N—CN)NRqRq′.

Suitably, n′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10;

Suitably, R_(h) is selected from an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, —CH₂CH₂—O—CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—O—CH₂—, —CH₂—C(O)N(R_(10′))CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—N(R_(10′))C(O)CH₂—, —CH₂—CH(OR₁₀)—CH₂—, —CH₂—C(O)O—CH₂—CH₂—, or —CH₂—CH₂—O—C(O)CH₂—.

Suitably, R_(q) and R_(q′) are independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl-C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, wherein all of the moieties are optionally substituted, or R_(q) and R_(q′) together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 to 7 membered optionally substituted ring, which ring may contain an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur.

Suitably, X₁ is N(R_(10′)), O, S(O)_(m), or CR₁₀R₂₀. In one embodiment of the invention, X₁ is N(R_(10′)), or O.

Suitably, R₂ is independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, optionally substituted C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, optionally substituted heterocyclic, optionally substituted heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety; or R₂ is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁ (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃).

Suitably q′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 6.

Suitably q is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 10.

The R₂ moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted one or more times, preferably 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halogen, —C(O), cyano, nitro, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e), C₁₋₄alkyl NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z) NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(═N(R_(10′))NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(═NOR₆)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R₁₀)C(Z)OR₇.

Suitably, R_(e) and R_(e′) are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₁₄ alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or a heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, which moieties may be optionally substituted; or R_(e) and R_(e′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; and wherein each of these moieties, including the cyclized ring and excluding hydrogen, may be substituted 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₄alkyl; S(O)_(m)R_(f); C(O)R_(j); C(O)OR_(j); (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇; (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(d)R_(d′); C(O)NR₄R_(14′); NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl; NR_(4′)C(O)aryl; cyano; nitro; C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, or hetero C₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these aryl, heterocyclic or heteroaryl containing moieties may be optionally substituted one to two times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

Suitably, R_(f′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl or NR_(4′)R_(14′); and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, and NR_(4′)R_(14′), may be optionally substituted.

In one embodiment of the present invention X is R₂, OR_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)). In another embodiment of the present invention, X is R₂, and R₂ is (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃).

When X is R₂ and R₂ is an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heterocyclic alkyl, the heterocyclic containing moiety is suitably selected from tetrahydropyrrole, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety), aziridinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 3-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 1,3-benzdioxol-5-yl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, indolinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholino and thiomorpholino (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety).

In one embodiment, R₂ is an optionally substituted piperidinyl or piperazinyl ring.

In another embodiment, when R₂ is an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heterocyclic alkyl ring the ring is substituted one or mores times independently by an optionally substituted heterocyclic, heterocyclic alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R₁₀)C(Z)OR₇. The second heterocyclic ring is suitably selected from an optionally substituted tetrahydropyrrole, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety), aziridinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 3-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 1,3-benzdioxol-5-yl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, indolinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, diazepine, morpholino or thiomorpholino (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety). Suitably, the second heterocyclic ring is selected from morpholino, piperidine, or pyrrolidinyl.

In one embodiment, R₂ is a 4-amino-1-piperidinyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl)oxy]-carbonyl}amino)-1-piperidinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-propyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-butyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-(methylamino)-1-piperidinyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl-4-piperidinyl}methylcarbamate, 4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl, 1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl, 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl, 4-(4-morpholinyl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-(diphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl, or 4-methylhexahydro-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl.

Suitably, R_(2′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted 1 to 4 times, independently, at each occurrence, by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, halogen, —C(O), cyano, nitro, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′)C₁₋₄alkylNR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R₁₀)C(═N(R_(10′)))NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(═NOR₆)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇.

In one embodiment, when X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), one of R_(2′), or R_(2″) is hydrogen, or methyl.

In one embodiment, when R_(2′) is an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl the heterocyclic containing moiety is substituted one or more time independently by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆. More specifically, methyl, ethyl, NHC(O)O—CCH₃, N(CH₃)C(O)O—CCH₃, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, phenyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, 1-ethylpropyl, 4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl, 1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl, morpholino,

In one embodiment, when X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), R_(2′) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroarylalkyl. Suitably, when R_(2′) is an optionally substituted cycloalkyl it is an a cyclohexyl ring. In one embodiment the cyclohexyl ring is optionally substituted one or more times by (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′).

Suitably, when R_(2′) is an optionally substituted heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, the ring is selected from tetrahydropyrrole, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety), aziridinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 3-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 1,3-benzdioxol-5-yl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, indolinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, diazepine, hexahydro-1H-azepine, morpholino or thiomorpholino (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety). Preferably, the ring is a piperidine, piperazine, pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, morpholino, hexahydro-1H-azepine ring. In one embodiment, the rings are substituted one or more times, suitably 1 to 4 times, independently by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇

In one embodiment, (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) is 1-(phenylmethyl)-4-piperidinamine, 2-[4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethylamine, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethylamine, 2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethylamine, 1-[(phenylmethyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl]amine, 3-[(1-pyrrolidinyl)propyl]amine, 3-[(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)propyl]amine, (1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)amine, 3-[(4-morpholinyl)propyl]amine, 3-[(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)propyl]-amine, 2-[(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]amine, 2-[(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-amine, or [(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]amino.

In one embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), and R_(2′) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, the alkyl is substituted one or more times independently by (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′) or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′)C₁₋₄alkylNR_(e)R_(e′). In one embodiment R_(e) and R_(e), are independently an optionally substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, or t-butyl. Preferably, (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) is 3-(dimethylamino)propyl(methyl)amine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, propylamine, (2,2-dimethylpropyl)amine, (2-hydroxypropyl)amino, 2-(dimethylamino)ethylamine, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amine, 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, 2-(methylamino)ethylamine, [(1-methylethyl)amino]ethylamine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, 3-(dibutylamino)propylamine, 3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propylamine, 3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminopropylamine, 3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropylamine, 4-(diethylamino)-1-methylbutylamine, or 3-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-(methyl)amino]propyl(methyl)amine.

Suitably R_(2″) is selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence, by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halogen, —C(O), cyano, nitro, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), C₁₋₄alkyl NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂ NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(—N(R_(10′))NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(═NOR₆)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇; or wherein R_(2″) is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(t)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃);

-   Suitably, t is an integer having a value of 2 to 6.

Suitably, q is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10.

Suitably, A₁ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl.

Suitably, A₂ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl.

Suitably, A₃ is hydrogen or is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl.

The A₁, A₂, and A₃ C₁₋₁₀alkyl moieties may optionally substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence, preferably from 1 to 4 times, with halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine; halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, such as CF₃, or CHF₂CF₃; C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(═N(R_(10′)))NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇.

In another embodiment of the present invention, X is R₂, and R₂ is (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃). In a further embodiment, q′ is 0.

In another embodiment when R₂ is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), q′ is 0, X₁ is nitrogen, q is 0 or 1, A₁ is an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heterocyclic alkyl, and A₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. More specifically, R₂ is 2-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]amino, or 1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]amino. In another embodiment, A₁ is an optionally substituted aryl or arylalkyl, and A₂ is an optionally substituted aryl or arylalkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention, one or more of the A₁, A₂ and A₃ moieties are substituted with (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆. In another embodiment of the invention, the R₆ substituent Fin (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆ is hydrogen.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, X is R₂ and R₂ is C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), such as CH(CH₂OH)₂, or C(CH₃)(CH₂OH)₂; or X₁ (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)CH(CH₂OH)₂, or X₁ (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(CH₃)(CH₂OH)₂; and further wherein X₁ is oxygen or nitrogen.

In another embodiment X is S(O)_(m)R₂, (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n)N(R₂)(R_(2′)). In yet another embodiment, X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n)N(R₂)(R_(2′)).

Suitably, when X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, and R₄ and R₁₄ are C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl C₁₋₄ alkyl, the C₁₋₄alkyl may be substituted one or more times, independently at each occurrence with NR_(4′)R_(14′); halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, C(O)NR_(4′)R_(14′); or NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl. Preferably, the C₁₋₄alkyl is substituted with NR₄R_(14′.)

In one embodiment at least one of R₄ and R₁₄ may be hydrogen when R₄ and R₁₄ are not cyclized. In another embodiment neither R₄ nor R₁₄ is hydrogen.

In one embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, one of R₄ and R₁₄ are hydrogen, and the other is an optionally substituted heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl. Suitably, the optionally substituted heteroaryl alkyl is an imidazolyl alkyl, such as a 1H-imidazol-2-yl-methyl group.

In one embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄ and one of R₄ and R₁₄ is a heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, then the heteroaryl ring is selected from thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, and benzothiazolyl. Suitably, the heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl is selected from pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, and benzothiazolyl.

In another embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄ and one of R₄ and R₁₄ is a heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, then the heterocyclic ring is selected from tetrahydropyrrole, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, indolinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, and morpholino. Suitably, the heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl moiety is selected from pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, and morpholino.

In another embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄ and R₄ and R₁₄ together with the nitrogen cyclize to form an optionally substituted ring, such as described above, such rings include, but are not limited to pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, diazepine, and morpholine. In one embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, the R₄ and R₁₄ substituents cyclize to form a heterocyclic 5 or 6 membered ring, which ring is optionally substituted as defined herein. When the R₄ and R₁₄ substituents cyclize to form a 4 to 7 membered ring, the optional substitutents are suitably selected from an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heterocyclic, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇, NR_(4′)R_(14′), or a C₁₋₁₀alkyl substituted one or more times by an optionally substituted aryl. Such substitutents more specifically include phenyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholino, piperazinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, piperidinyl, 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, 5-chloro-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, diphenylmethyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, amino, methylamino, and dimethylamino.

In one embodiment the X substituent is a 1,4′-bipiperin-1-yl ring which may be optionally substituted such as in 4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperin-1-yl; 4-piperidinylamino, 4-amino-1-piperidinyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)amino, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, (4-morpholinyl)-1-piperidinyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl, (2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-piperidinyl, 5-chloro-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-(diphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl, 4-methylhexahydro-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl, 4-propyl-1-piperazinyl, or 4-butyl-1-piperazinyl.

In another embodiment, when X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2′)), and R₂, is an optionally substituted C₁₀alkyl moiety, and the alkyl is substituted by (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), and R_(e) and R_(e), are hydrogen, or an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl. Suitably, the X moiety is 3-(diethylamino)propylamino, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl(methyl)amino, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl(methyl)amino, 2-(dimethylamino)ethylamino, 1-methylethyl)amino-propylamino, (1,1-dimethylethyl)aminopropylamino, (1-methylethyl)aminoethylamino, 2-(methylamino)ethylamino, 2-aminoethyl(methyl)amino, or a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amino.

In another embodiment when X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), and R₂, moiety is an optionally substituted heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, the heteroaryl moiety is suitably an optionally substituted imidazole.

In one embodiment at least one of R₄ and R₁₄ may be hydrogen when R₄ and R₁₄ are not cyclized. In another embodiment neither R₄ and R₁₄ is hydrogen.

In one embodiment R₃ is a 2,6-difluoro phenyl, R1 is a phenyl ring substituted by and R₁ is selected from C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b) and also substituted by R_(1′) independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, fluorine, or methyl; g is 1 or 2. Preferably, R₁ is substituted by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b) and R_(1′) independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, fluorine, or methyl. In another embodiment, the R_(b) moiety is selected from thiazolyl, C₁₋₁₀alkyl or an optionally substituted aryl. In another embodiment the R_(b) moiety is propyl or 4-fluorophenyl.

In another embodiment, X is suitably selected from (1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)amino or 4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)amino, 4-amino-1-piperidinyl, 3-(diethylamino)propylamino, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl(methyl)amino, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl(methyl)amino, 2-(dimethylamino)ethylamino, 1-methylethyl)amino-propylamino, (1,1-dimethylethyl)aminopropylamino, (1-methylethyl)aminoethylamino, 2-(methylamino)ethylamino, 2-aminoethyl(methyl)amino, or 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amino.

In one embodiment, R₃ is a 2,6-difluoro phenyl, R₁ is phenyl, R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, fluorine, or methyl; g is 1 or 2; and the phenyl ring is also substituted in the 3- or 4-position by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), R_(b) moiety is C₁₋₁₀alkyl or an optionally substituted aryl, preferably propyl or 4-fluorophenyl, X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), and n is 0. In another embodiment, X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″′)), R_(2″) is hydrogen, n is 0, and R_(2′) is an alkyl substituted by (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′). In a further embodiment, R_(e) and R_(e), are independently selected from an optionally substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, or t-butyl, preferably ethyl.

In another embodiment of the present invention, for compounds of Formula (I) the X term may also be the B-Non-Ar-cyc moiety as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,809,199 whose disclosure is incorporated by reference herein.

As represented by the disclosure in U.S. Pat. No. 6,809,199, Non-Ar-Cyc is suitably selected from;

wherein

d is an integer having a value of 1, 2, 3, or 4;

d′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, 2, or 3;

d″ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, 2, or 3;

e is 0, or is an integer having a value of 1, 2, 3, or 4;

e′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, 2, or 3;

e″ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, 2, or 3;

f is 0, or is an integer having a value of 1, 2, or 3;

d+e is 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6;

d′+e″ d

e′+e″=m

Suitably, R_(7′), R₇₇ and R_(77″), are each independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl-group, C₂₋₆ alkenyl-group, C₄₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₀₋₆ alkyl-group, N(C₀₋₄ alkyl)(C₀₋₄ alkyl)-C₁₋₄alkyl-N(C₀₋₄ alkyl)-group, —N(C₀₋₄ alkyl)(C₀₋₄ alkyl) group, C₁₋₃ alkyl-CO—C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, C₀₋₆ alkyl-O—C(O)—C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, C₀₋₆alkyl-C(O)—O—C₀₋₄alkyl-group, N(C₀₋₄ alkyl)(C₀₋₄alkyl)-(C₀₋₄ alkyl)C(O)(C₀₋₄ alkyl)-group, phenyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, pyridyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, pyrimidinyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, pyrazinyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, thiophenyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, pyrazolyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, imidazolyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, triazolyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, azetidinyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, pyrrolidinyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, isoquinolinyl-C₀₋₄alkyl-group, indanyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, benzothiazolyl-C₀₋₄ alkyl-group, any of the groups optionally substituted with 1-6 substituents, each substituent independently being —OH, —N(C₀₋₄ alkyl)(C₀₋₄alkyl), C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxyl, C₁₋₆ alkyl-CO—C₀₋₄ alkyl-, pyrrolidinyl-C₀₋₄alkyl-, or halogen; or R_(7′) together with a bond from an absent ring hydrogen is ═O.

Suitably, B is —C₁₋₆alkyl-, —C₀₋₃ alkyl-O—C₀₋₃alkyl-, —C₀₋₃ alkyl-NH—C₀₋₃alkyl-, —C₀₋₃alkyl-NH—C₃₋₇cycloalkyl-, —C₀₋₃alkyl-N(C₀₋₃alkyl)-C(O)—C₀₋₃ alkyl-, —CO₀₃ alkyl-NH—SO₂—C₀₋₃ alkyl-, —C₀₋₃ alkyl-, —C₀₋₃alkyl-S—C₀₋₃ alkyl-, —C₀₋₃ alkyl-SO₂—C₀₋₃alkyl-, —C₀₋₃alkyl-PH—C₀₋₃ alkyl-, C₀₋₃ alkyl —C(O)—C₀₋₃ alkyl, or a direct bond.

Suitably, E₁ is CH, N, or CR₆₆; or B and E₁ together form a double bond, i.e., —CH═C.

Suitably, E₂ is CH₂, CHR₇₇, C(OH)R₇₇NH, NR₇₇, O, S, —S(O)—, or —S(O)₂—. Suitably, R₆₆ is independently selected from at each occurrence from halogen, C₀₋₄ alkyl, —C(O)—O(C₀₋₄ alkyl), or —C(O)—N(C₀₋₄ alkyl)-(C₀₋₄ alkyl).

In an alternative embodiment of this invention, Non-Ary Cyc is:

In another embodiment of the present invention, for compound of Formula (I) herein, the X term may also be the X moiety as disclosed in WO 2004/073628, published September 2004, Boehm et al., whose disclosure is incorporated by reference herein.

The term “halo” or “halogens” is used herein to mean the halogens, chloro, fluoro, bromo and iodo.

As used herein, the term “alkyl” refers to straight or branched hydrocarbon chains containing the specified number of carbon atoms. For example, C₁₋₆alkyl means a straight or branched alkyl containing at least 1, and at most 6, carbon atoms. Examples of “alkyl” as used herein include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, isobutyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl or t-butyl and hexyl and the like.

As used herein, the term “alkenyl” refers to straight or branched hydrocarbon chains containing the specified number of carbon atoms and containing at least one double bond. For example, C₂₋₆alkenyl means a straight or branched alkenyl containing at least 2, and at most 6, carbon atoms and containing at least one double bond. Examples of “alkenyl” as used herein include, but are not limited to ethenyl, 2-propenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methylbut-2-enyl, 3-hexenyl, 1,1-dimethylbut-2-enyl and the like.

As used herein, the term “alkoxy” refers to straight or branched chain alkoxy groups containing the specified number of carbon atoms. For example, C₁₋₆alkoxy means a straight or branched alkoxy containing at least 1, and at most 6, carbon atoms. Examples of “alkoxy” as used herein include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, prop-2-oxy, butoxy, but-2-oxy, 2-methylprop-1-oxy, 2-methylprop-2-oxy, pentoxy and hexyloxy.

As used herein, the term “cycloalkyl” refers to cyclic radicals, such as a non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring containing a specified number of carbon atoms. For example, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl means a non-aromatic ring containing at least three, and at most seven, ring carbon atoms. Representative examples of “cycloalkyl” as used herein include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl and the like.

The term “cycloalkenyl” is used herein to mean cyclic radicals, such as a non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring containing a specified number of carbon atoms preferably of 5 to 7 carbons, which have at least one bond including but not limited to cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and the like.

The term “alkenyl” is used herein at all occurrences to mean straight or branched chain radical of 2-10 carbon atoms, unless the chain length is limited thereto, including, but not limited to ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl and the like.

The term “aryl” is used herein to mean phenyl, naphthyl, and indene.

The terms “heteroaryl ring”, “heteroaryl moiety”, and “heteroaryl” are used herein to mean a monocyclic five- to seven-membered unsaturated hydrocarbon ring containing at least one heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Examples of heteroaryl rings include, but are not limited to, furyl, pyranyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxathiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, and uracil. The terms “heteroaryl ring”, “heteroaryl moiety”, and “heteroaryl” shall also used herein to refer to fused aromatic rings comprising at least one heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Each of the fused rings may contain five or six ring atoms. Examples of fused aromatic rings include, but are not limited to, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, azaindolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, cinnolinyl, purinyl, and phthalazinyl.

The terms “heterocyclic rings”, “heterocyclic moieties”, and “heterocyclyl” is used herein to mean a monocyclic three- to seven-membered saturated or non-aromatic, unsaturated hydrocarbon ring containing at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur or oxidized sulphur moieties, such as S(O)_(m), and m is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2. The terms “heterocyclic rings”, “heterocyclic moieties”, and “heterocyclyl” shall also refer to fused rings, saturated or partially unsaturated, and wherein one of the rings may be aromatic, or heteroaromatic. Each of the fused rings may have from four to seven ring atoms. Examples of heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, the saturated or partially saturated versions of the heteroaryl moieties as defined above, such as tetrahydropyrrole, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety), azepine, diazepine, aziridinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 3-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl, 1,3-benzdioxol-5-yl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, indolinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholino and thiomorpholino (including oxidized versions of the sulfur moiety).

The term “arylalkyl” or “heteroarylalkyl” or “heterocyclicalkyl” is used herein to mean a C₁₋₄alkyl (as defined above) attached to an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic moiety (as also defined above) unless otherwise indicated.

The term “sulfinyl” is used herein to mean the oxide S(O) of the corresponding sulfide, the term “thio” refers to the sulfide, and the term “sulfonyl” refers to the fully oxidized S(O)₂ moiety.

The term “aroyl” is used herein to mean C(O)Ar, wherein Ar is as phenyl, naphthyl, or aryl alkyl derivative such as defined above, such group include but are not limited to benzyl and phenethyl.

The term “alkanoyl” is used herein to mean C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl wherein the alkyl is as defined above.

As used herein, the term “optionally” means that the subsequently described event(s) may or may not occur, and includes both event(s) which occur and events that do not occur.

As used herein, the term “substituted” refers to substitution with the named substituent or substituents, multiple degrees of substitution being allowed unless otherwise stated.

As used herein, “optionally substituted” unless specifically defined shall mean such groups as halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, such as methoxy or ethoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; S(O)_(m) alkyl, such as methyl thio, methylsulfinyl or methyl sulfonyl; a ketone (—C(O)), or an aldehyde (—C(O)R_(6′)), such as C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl or C(O)aryl, wherein R_(6′) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl (and wherein the R_(6′) moieties, excluding hydrogen, may themselves be optionally substituted 1 or 2 times, independently by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted alkyl; C₁₋₄alkoxy; S(O)_(m)C₁₋₄alkyl; amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino; C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃); C(O)OR_(6′); NR_(4′)R_(14′), wherein R_(4′) and R_(14′) are each independently hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, such as amino or mono or -disubstituted C₁₋₄alkyl or wherein the R_(4′)R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form a 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from O/N/S; C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, or C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl group, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, etc. or cyclopropyl methyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, such CF₂CF₂H, or CF₃; an optionally substituted aryl, such as phenyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, such as benzyl or phenethyl, wherein these aryl containing moieties may also be substituted one to two times by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted alkyl; C₁₋₄alkoxy; S(O)_(m) C₁₋₄alkyl; amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino; C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” means a compound which is suitable for pharmaceutical use. Salts and solvates of compounds of the invention which are suitable for use in medicine are those wherein the counterion or associated solvent is pharmaceutically acceptable. However, salts and solvates having non-pharmaceutically acceptable counterions or associated solvents are within the scope of the present invention, for example, for use as intermediates in the preparation of other compounds of the invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable derivative”, means any pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug e.g. ester, of a compound of the invention, which upon administration to the recipient is capable of providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of the invention, or an active metabolite or residue thereof. Such derivatives are recognizable to those skilled in the art, without undue experimentation. Nevertheless, reference is made to the teaching of Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, 5^(th) Edition, Vol 1: Principles and Practice, which is incorporated herein by reference to the extent of teaching such derivatives. In one embodiment of the present invention the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives are salts, solvates, esters, carbamates and phosphate esters. In another embodiment pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives are salts, solvates and esters. In yet another embodiment, pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives are salts and esters, in particular salts.

Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known to those skilled in the art and include basic salts of inorganic and organic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, methane sulphonic acid, ethane sulphonic acid, acetic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, phenylacetic acid and mandelic acid.

The compounds of the present invention may be in the form of and/or may be administered as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. For a review on suitable salts see Berge et al., J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66, 1-19.

Typically, a pharmaceutical acceptable salt may be readily prepared by using a desired acid or base as appropriate. The salt may precipitate from solution and be collected by filtration or may be recovered by evaporation of the solvent.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula (I) may suitably be formed with a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, for instance, if a substituent group comprises a carboxy moiety. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable cations are well known to those skilled in the art and include alkaline, alkaline earth, ammonium and quaternary ammonium cations.

Those skilled in the art of organic chemistry will appreciate that many organic compounds can form complexes with solvents in which they are reacted or from which they are precipitated or crystallized. These complexes are known as “solvates”. As used herein, the term “solvate” refers to a complex of variable stoichiometry formed by a solute (in this invention, a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof) and a solvent. Such solvents for the purpose of the invention may not interfere with the biological activity of the solute. Examples of suitable solvents include water, methanol, ethanol and acetic acid. Preferably the solvent used is a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent. Examples of suitable pharmaceutically acceptable solvents include water, ethanol and acetic acid. Most preferably the solvent used is water. A complex with water is known as a “hydrate”. Solvates of the compound of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

Compounds of Formula (II) are represented by the structure:

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   m is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, or 2; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted. The optional substituents for the R₃     moiety are as defined herein for compounds of Formula (I).

In one embodiment of the invention, Rx is chloro. In another embodiment, Rg is methyl. In a further embodiment, m is 0. In another embodiment m is 1, and R₃ is an optionally substituted phenyl (as defined in Formula (I)).

In another embodiment, m is 0, Rg is methyl, Rx is chloro and R₃ is an optionally substituted phenyl (as defined in Formula (I)).

Compounds of Formula (III) are represented by the structure:

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃: -   X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)_(m)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or     N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); -   X₁ is N(R₁₁), O, S(O)_(m), or CR₁₀R₂₀; -   R_(h) is selected from an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl,     —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—, —CH₂—O—CH₂—, —CH₂—C(O)N(R_(10′))CH₂—CH₂—,     —CH₂—N(R_(10′))C(O)CH₂—, —CH₂—CH(OR_(10′))—CH₂, —CH₂—C(O)O—CH₂—CH₂-,     or —CH₂—CH₂-O—C(O)CH₂—; -   R_(q) and R_(q′) are independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl-C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, wherein all of the moieties,     excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted, or R_(q) and R_(q′)     together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 to 7     membered optionally substituted ring, which ring may contain an     additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; -   R₂ is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each     of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally     substituted; or R₂ is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁     (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); -   R_(2′) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each     of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally     substituted; -   R_(2″) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl,     aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl,     heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these     moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or

wherein R_(2″) is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(t)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃);

-   A₁ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or     aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   A₂ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or     aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   A₃ is hydrogen or is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted; -   R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected from hydrogen,     C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl,     aryl-C₁₋₁₄ alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocylic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or     a heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties,     excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or the R₄ and R₁₄     together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an     optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which     ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from     oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; -   R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen,     or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen     or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R₁₁ is independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   n′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 to 10; -   m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 or 2; -   q is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; -   q′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 6; or

t is an integer having a value of 2 to 6.

Suitably, Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃. In an embodiment of the invention, Rx is chloro.

The X term moieties and their substituent groups, etc. are as defined herein for compounds of Formula (I).

Compounds of Formula (IV) are represented by the structure:

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   R₁ is R₁ is an aryl, aryl C₂₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl     C₂₋₁₀alkyl; aryl C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, arylC₂₋₁₀alkynyl, heteroaryl     C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, heteroaryl C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, or C₂₋₁₀alkynyl     moiety, which moieties may be optionally substituted; -   Rg is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   m is 0 or an integer having the value of 1 or 2; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted.

Suitably R₁ and R₃ are substituted as defined herein for compounds of Formula (I). In one embodiment, R₁ is an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl ring, preferably and optionally substituted aryl.

In another embodiment Rg is methyl. In a further embodiment, m is 0 or 2.

Compounds of Formula (V) are represented by the formula:

wherein

-   Ry is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; and -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention, Ry is bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃.

In another embodiment of the invention, Rg is methyl.

The general preparation of analogs around the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one template is shown in the Schemes, Schemes 1 to 4 below. While a particular formula with particular substituent groups is shown herein, e.g. Rg as methyl, or R_(x) or LG2 as chloro, the synthesis is applicable to all formulas and all substituent groups as described herein.

The synthesis described herein, Schemes 1 to 4, start with a 4,6-Ry substituted-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde (1), such as described in Formula (V). Treatment of 1, Scheme 1, with an optionally substituted aniline in the presence of an olefin forming agent, such as bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-phosphonate or an acylating agent, such as acetic acid anhydride affords the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one, 2. Oxidation of 2 with a peracid, such as 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-CPBA) yields compound 3. This is followed by substitution of 3 in C2 position with a suitable X moiety as described in Formula (I) herein. In this scheme, substitution of the C2 position is demonstrated with serinol to furnish compound 4. Palladium (0) mediated Suzuki cross-coupling affords compound 5. Other cross coupling reactions known in the art may also be suitable for use herein.

In Routes 1 & 3; Schemes 1 & 3, Compound 1 to Compound 2, while the olefin forming reagent Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)(methoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate is used, alternative cyclization reagents, include, but are not limited to Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate, Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-(isopropoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate, (Diethoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid methyl ester, (Diisopropoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid methyl ester, (Diphenyloxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid methyl ester, (Diethoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, (Diisopropoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, or (Diphenyloxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.

While this reaction as shown in Scheme 1 and Scheme 3 uses triethylamine as a base, suitable alternative bases can include, but are not limited to pyridine, diisopropyl ethyl amine, or pyrrolidone, or combinations thereof.

Further, while the reaction scheme as shown in Scheme 1 and Scheme 3 utilizes tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, it is recognized that suitable alternative organic solvents can be used. Such solvents include, but are not limited to chloroform, methylene chloride, acetonitrile, toluene, DMF, or n-methylpyrrolidine, or combinations thereof.

The reaction temperature of this particular step in the reaction scheme can be varied from room temperature to >100° C., i.e. reflux temperature of the solvent. Alternatively, this reaction process step may be performed under suitable microwave conditions.

In Routes 2 & 4, Schemes 2 & 4, Compound 1 to Compound 2, while the reagent acetic anhydride is shown, this reagent can be replaced with acetyl chloride, or any other suitably acylating reagent.

Further, while the reaction scheme as shown in Scheme 2 and Scheme 4 utilizes chloroform as a solvent, it is recognized that suitable alternative organic solvents can be used. Such solvents include, but are not limited to tetrahydrofuran, methylene chloride, acetonitrile, toluene, DMF, n-methylpyrrolidine, or dioxane, or combinations thereof.

The reaction temperature of this particular step in the reaction scheme can be varied from room temperature to >100° C., i.e. reflux temperature of the solvent. Alternatively, this reaction process step may be performed under suitable microwave conditions.

In Routes 1 & 2; Schemes 1 & 2, Compound 2 to Compound 3, or for Routes 3 & 4, Schemes 3 & 4, Compound 6 to Compound 7, while the oxidizing reagent 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-cPBA) is used, alternative reagents, include but are not limited to hydrogen peroxide, sodium periodinate, potassium periodinate, Oxone, OsO4, catalytic tertiary amine N-oxide, peracids, such as aryl peracids, i.e. perbenzoic and the aforementioned m-cPBA, or alkylperacids, as such peracetic acid and pertrifluoroacetic acid, oxygen, ozone, organic peroxides, peroxide (H₂O₂), and inorganic peroxides, potassium and zinc permanganate, potassium persulfate. It is recognized that the peroxide agents can be used in combination with sodium tungstate, acetic acid or sodium hyperchlorite.

It is recognized that the oxidation process may in fact yield Compound 3, or Compound 7, but may also result in the corresponding sulfone, as well as the sulfoxide, or mixtures thereof.

This reaction step, while demonstrated in the schematics with methylene chloride as the solvent, may use alternative organic solvents other than primary amines or alcohols which include, but are not limited to chloroform, acetone, DMF, THF, acetonitrile, dioxane, or DMSO, or combinations thereof. This reaction step may be conducted at about 0° C. to room temperature.

In Routes 1 & 2; Schemes 1 & 2, Compound 3 to Compound 4, or for Route 3 & 4, Schemes 3 & 4, Compound 7 to Compound 5, the reaction solvent of DMF may alternatively be replaced with other suitable anhydrous organic solvents, which does not contain a nucleophile, which include but are not limited to THF, methylene chloride, acetone, acetonitrile, toluene, chloroform, n-methyl-pyrrolidine, or dioxane, or combinations thereof.

This temperature step may be conducted at room temperature to >100° C., i.e. reflux temperature of the solvent. Alternatively, this reaction process step may be performed under suitable microwave conditions.

In Routes 1 & 2, Schemes 1 & 2, Compound 4 to Compound 5, or for Routes 3-4, Schemes 3-4, Compound 2 to Compound 6 wherein Compound 2 or 4 are coupled to arylboronic acids, heteroarylboronic acids or the corresponding boronic acid esters under standard Suzuki coupling conditions. These reaction conditions utilize a palladium catalyst, such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), which has been shown to provide good yields of either compound 5 or 6. The reaction conditions may be from room temperature to about 250° C., by heating in an oil bath, or with microwave irradiation. If desired, these Suzuki coupling reactions may be run under microwave conditions.

The aryl or heteroaryl boronic acid or ester intermediates can be synthesized either by the palladium catalyzed coupling of an aryl halide and 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi-1,3,2-dioxaborolane or the transmetalation of an aryl halide with a Grignard reagent, e.g., isopropylmagnesium bromide followed by a trialkylborate (e.g., triethylborate) in a suitable solvent like THF.

Alternatively, the coupling reaction of 2 or 4 may be performed utilizing aryl or heteroaryl organozinc, organocopper, organotin, or other organometallic reagents known to afford cross-coupling products such as 5 or 6 [See for example: Solberg, J.; Undheim, K. Acta Chemica Scandinavia 1989, 62-68, whose disclosure is incorporated by reference herein]. Using the reaction procedures described in the aforementioned WO 02/059083, it has been found that compounds of Formula (III) as described herein, were unable to be synthesized following those procedures. The present invention provides for an alternative method to synthesize compounds of Formula (I) having differing R₁ substituents on the C4 position of the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one pharmacophore. These substituents may be introduced to this position after the pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimide-7-one pharmacophore is substituted with functional groups at the C₂ and N₈ position. This particular substitution has not previously been available using the reaction conditions as set forth in WO 02/059083.

While it is possible to produce individual compounds using the process illustrated herein, a benefit for these reaction pathways lies in its ability to optimize leads and to make arrays for combinatorial chemistry, with various R₁, R₂, and R₃ substituents.

Another aspect of the invention is a process to make compounds of Formula (I) as defined herein, which comprises reacting a compound of Formula (III), as defined herein with a coupling agent selected from an arylboronic acid, or a heteroarylboronic acid or their corresponding boronic acid esters, with a suitable palladium catalyst to yield a compound of Formula (I). This coupling process takes place under standard Suzuki conditions.

Suitably the arylboronic acids, heteroarylboronic acids, or their corresponding boronic acid esters are R₁-boronic acid or an R₁-boronic acid ester; e.g. R₁B(OH)₂, R₁B(O—C₁₋₄alkyl)₂, or

wherein R₁, R₁₀, and R₂₀ is as defined for compounds of Formula (I) herein; and r is an integer having a value of 2 to 6.

The coupling conditions include the use of appropriate solvents. These solvents include, but are not limited to dioxane, THF, DMF, DMSO, NMP, acetone, water, or a combination or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the solvent is THF/H₂0, or dioxane/H₂0.

The coupling conditions also include the presence of catalytic amount of catalysts and these catalysts include, but not limited to tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium (0), PdCl2, Pd(OAc)2, (CH3CN)2PdC12, Pd(dppf)₂, or [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocene]-dichloropalladium(II).

The coupling reaction may or may not require the presence of a base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to NaHCO₃, KHCO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, KOAc or combination or mixture thereof. Preferably, the base is K₂CO₃ and KOAc.

The coupling reaction may or may not require heating. The heating can be carried out with a regular oil bath or microwave irradiations and the temperature can be varied from room temperature to >100° C., i.e. reflux temperature of the solvent. The coupling reaction may or may not require a sealed reaction vessal and the internal pressure can be varied from one atmosphere to 100 atmospheres.

The aryl or heteroaryl boronic acid or ester intermediates containing the R₁ moiety, used in the Suzuki coupling reactions may or may not be commercially available and they can be prepared by utilizing proper methods in the literature known to those with appropriate training. Examples of these methods include, but not limited to palladium catalyzed coupling of an aryl halide and 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi-1,3,2-dioxaborolane or the transmetalation of an aryl halide with a Grignard reagent, e.g., isopropylmagnesium bromide followed by a trialkylborate (e.g., triethylborate) in a suitable solvent. These solvents include, but not limited to CH₂Cl₂, chloroform, CH3CN, benzene, THF, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, DMSO, DMF, toluene, n-methyl-pyrrolidine, dioxane. The reaction temperature can be varied from −78° C. to >100° C., i.e. reflux temperature of the solvent. Alternatively, this reaction process step may or may not be performed under suitable microwave irradiation conditions. This reaction may or may not require a sealed reaction vessal and the internal pressure can be varied from one atmosphere to 100 atmospheres.

One embodiment of the invention are the arylboronic acids and esters which are generically referred to as R₁B(OH)₂, R₁B(O—C₁₋₄alkyl)₂, or

wherein

R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl;

r is an integer having a value of 2 to 6;

R₁ is an optionally substituted phenyl, as defined according to Formula (I).

Suitably, the phenyl ring is substituted by one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)—NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)COR_(a′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(O)H, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)OR₈, ZC(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), N(R_(11′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b);

-   N(R_(10′))C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); or     N(R_(10′))OC(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); and wherein -   R_(a′)is C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄     alkynyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl,     heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄ alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₄     alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)OR₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)S(O)_(m)R₇,     (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)NR₄R₁₄; and wherein     the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl may be optionally     substituted; -   R_(b) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl,     heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl     moiety, which moieties excluding hydrogen, may all be optionally     substituted; -   R_(d) and R_(d′) are each independently selected from hydrogen,     C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, or the R_(d)     and R_(d′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form     an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 5 to 6 members, which     ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from     oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′), and wherein the R_(d) and R_(d′) moieties     which are C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, and     the R₄ and R₁₄ cyclized ring are optionally substituted; -   R₇ is C₁₋₆alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclic,     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₆ alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl; and     wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted; -   R₈ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen,     C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl,     C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl,     C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl,     heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl     moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be     optionally substituted independently at each occurrence; -   R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen,     or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 or 2; -   v is independently selected at each occurrence from 0, or an integer     having a value of 1 to 2. -   v′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer     having a value of 1 or 2; -   R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl,     aryl-C₁₋₁₄ alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl     or heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl; or the R₄ and R₁₄ together with the     nitrogen which they are attached form an unsubstituted or     substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring     optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen,     sulfur or nitrogen; and wherein all of these moieties, excluding     hydrogen, are optionally substituted; -   R₄, and R₁₄, are each independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R₄, and R_(14′) can cyclize together with     the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally     substituted 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an     additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′); -   R₅ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen,     C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl or NR₄₁R_(14′), excluding the     moieties SR₅ being SNR_(4′)R_(14′), S(O)₂R₅ being SO₂H and S(O)R₅     being SOH; -   R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected at each occurrence from     hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl; -   R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen     or C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R₁₁ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or     C₁₋₄alkyl; -   R₁₂ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen,     C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl,     C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl,     C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl,     heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₄ alkyl, and     wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally     substituted; and -   R₁₃ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen,     C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl,     C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl,     C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl,     heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl     moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may     be optionally substituted.

In one embodiment, the phenyl ring is substituted by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and optionally another substituent (R_(1′))g, and g is 1 or 2. R_(b) is suitably as defined in Formula (I) herein. Suitably, R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃. Preferably R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, such as CF₃.

In one embodiment, the C(Z)N(R₁₀)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), is substituted on the phenyl ring in the 4-position or the 5-position, preferably the 5-position. If an R_(1′) moiety is present, it is preferably in the 2-position, and R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine. Preferably the aryl is 4-methyl-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzamide, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide, or 4-methyl-N-propylbenzamide.

In another embodiment the phenyl ring is substituted one or more times, preferably 1 to 4 times by R_(1′) and R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)—NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃. Preferably, the phenyl ring is di-substituted in the 2,4-position. In another embodiment R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, such as CF₃. Preferably, the aryl is phenyl, 2-methyl-4-fluorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, or 2-methyl-3-fluorophenyl.

Another aspect of the invention is another process to make compounds of Formula (I) as defined herein, which comprises reacting a compound of Formula (III), as defined herein utilizing aryl or heteroaryl organozinc, organocopper, organotin, or other organometallic reagents known in the art to afford a cross-coupling product of the desired R₁ moiety in the C4 position of the template yielding a compound of Formula (I).

This coupling reaction may be performed utilizing aryl or heteroaryl organozinc (e.g., R₁—ZnBr, R₁—ZnCl, R₁—Zn—R1), organocopper [e.g., (R₁)₂—CuLi], organotin (e.g., R₁—Sn(CH₃)₃, R₁—Sn(CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃)₃], or other organometallic reagents to afford the cross-coupling product. The R₁ aryl and heteroaryl moiety is as defined for Formula (I) herein. If the desired aryl or hetero aryl organozinc (e.g., R₁—ZnBr, R₁—ZnCl, R₁—Zn—R1), organocopper [e.g., (R₁)₂—CuLi], organotin (e.g., R₁—Sn(CH₃)₃, R₁—Sn(CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃)₃], or other organometallic reagent is not commercially available, they can readily be prepared by utilizing proper methods, known in the literature.

These types of coupling reactions require the use of appropriate solvents. Such solvents include, but are not limited to dioxane, THF, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or a combination or a mixture thereof.

The coupling reaction may, or may not, require the presence of catalytic amount of a catalyst. Such catalysts include, but are not limited to tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), PdCl₂, Pd(OAc)₂, (CH₃CN)₂PdCl₂, Pd(dppf)₂.

The reaction temperature can be varied from −78° C. to >100° C., i.e. reflux temperature of the solvent. Alternatively, this reaction process step may be performed under suitable microwave irradiation conditions, if needed. This reaction may, or may not, require a sealed reaction vessel and the internal pressure can be varied from one atmosphere to 100 atmospheres.

Suitably, the R₁ moiety is as defined for compounds of Formula (I) herein.

In one embodiment, the R₁ moiety is an optionally substituted aryl ring, preferably a phenyl ring. In another embodiment, the phenyl ring is substituted by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), or N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and optionally another substituent (R₁)_(g), and g is 1 or 2. R_(b) is suitably as defined in Formula (I) herein. Suitably, R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃. Preferably R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, such as CF₃.

In one embodiment, the C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)R_(b), is substituted on the phenyl ring in the 4-position or the 5-position, preferably the 5-position. If an R₁, moiety is present, it is preferably in the 2-position, and R₁, is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine. Preferably the aryl is 4-methyl-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzamide, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide, or 4-methyl-N-propylbenzamide.

In another embodiment the phenyl ring is substituted one or more times, preferably 1 to 4 times by R_(1′) and R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃. Preferably, the phenyl ring is di-substituted in the 2,4-position.

In another embodiment R_(1′) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl, or halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine or bromine, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, such as CF₃. Preferably, the aryl moiety is a 2-methyl-4-fluorophenyl.

Additional methods to produce compounds of Formula (II), wherein G1 is NH, are shown in Scheme 5 below.

Method A is for conversion of 1 to 2. Examples of the methods include, but are not limited to condensation with NH₂OH followed by treatment with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) [e.g., Santilli et al., J. Heterocycl. Chem. (1971), 445-53] or oxidation of —CHO group to —COOH followed by formation of a primary amide (—CONH₂) and treatment with POCl₃. Suitable Method A can also be utilized to furnish the conversion of 4 to 3—Scheme 5.

Leaving groups (LG, described as Leaving group 1 (LG1) & LG2) in 1 (or 2), or elsewhere, can be independently selected from —Cl, —Br, —I, or —OTf and these groups can be installed through the transformation of another functional group (e.g. —OH) by following the methods well known in the art (e.g., treatment of the —OH compound with POCl₃).

Method B is for selective displacement of suitable aldehyde 1 or nitrile 2 with an amine (R₃—NH₂). This type of displacement may be achieved using triethylamine and the desired amine R₃NH₂ in chloroform at room temperature for 10 minutes. The reaction was very effective for a range of alkyl amines (78-95% yield). For aryl or heteroaryl amines, elevated temperatures (reflux), longer reaction time (24 hours) and presence of NaH (or Na) may be necessary for reaction completion. Use of the base could be omitted when 3 or more equivalent of the desired amine were used. Other suitable bases include but are not limited to pyridine, diisopropyl ethylamine or pyrrolidine, which may also be used in an appropriate organic solvent, including but not limited to THF, diethyl ether, DCM, DMF, DMSO, toluene or dioxane.

Method C is for the reduction of nitrile 3 to amine 5. 5 may be considered a primary amine (NH₂), a secondary amine (because of —NH(R₃)) or an amine (as it contains basic nitrogen). This method includes, but is not limited to BH₃ in appropriate organic solvent, such as THF, DCM, toluene, DMSO, diethyl ether or dioxane. Other suitable reduction reagents, include but are not limited to NaBH₄, LAH or DIBAL. Method C may require elevated temperatures (e.g., heating, refluxing or irradiating with microwave). Another example of the method is hydrogenation (H₂) in the presence of transition metals (e.g., Pd/C, Raney-Ni, PdCl₂).

Method D is for the cyclization of 5 to 6. This method requires the presence of a cyclization reagent (e.g., CDI, COCl₂, tri-phosgene, or phenyl chloroformate methyl chloroformate). Presence of a suitable base may help the reaction to go to completion and examples of the base include, but not limited to triethyl amine, diisopropylethylamine or pyrrolidine. Reaction solvent can be DCM, THF, toluene, DMSO, or DMF.

Compounds of Formula (VI) are represented by the formula:

wherein LG2 is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; LG1 is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; and Rg is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl.

In one embodiment, LG2 is chloro. IN a further embodiment, LG1 is chloro.

In another embodiment, Rg is methyl.

Compounds of Formula (VII) are represented by the formula:

wherein

-   LG2 is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   Rg is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀ alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted.

Suitably R₃ is substituted as defined herein for compounds of Formula (I).

In one embodiment, Rg is methyl. In another embodiment, LG2 is chloro.

Another aspect of the invention are compounds of Formula (VIII) represented by the formula:

wherein

-   LG2 is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   Rg is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted.

Suitably R₃ is substituted as defined herein for compounds of Formula (I).

In an embodiment of the invention LG2 is chloro. In another embodiment, R₉ is methyl. In another embodiment, LG2 is chloro, Rg is methyl, and R₃ is an optionally substituted phenyl.

Another aspect of the present invention is the novel process, shown in Scheme-6 below, to make the transformation of a compound of Formula (VIII) to a compound of Formula (II) wherein Rx is now defined as LG2, and m=0,

Method J is for imine formation to convert compound 13 to a compound of Formula (II) wherein m is 0, compound 14. This can be achieved by following various strategies known in the art. Strategies include, but are not limited to treatment with an acid including TFA, HOAc, HCl, H₂SO₄ or a Lewis acid (e.g., AlCl3). This conversion may require elevated temperatures (e.g., heat, solvent reflux, microwave irradiation) in appropriate organic solvents (e.g., THF, CH₂Cl₂, toluene, DMSO, CH₃CN or dioxane).

Compounds of Formula (VIII) (compound 13—Scheme 7) may be made by reacting the compound 4 using Method I as described below. Compound 4 may be obtained from compound 1 using Method B as described above. Scheme 7

Method I is for urea formation to convert 4 to 13. This can be achieved by following strategies well-established in the art. Strategies include, but are not limited to reaction with suitably substituted isocyanate, such as ClSO₂NCO (or Me₃SiNCO) in a aprotic organic solvent, such as toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, THF, hexane, optionally with a non-nucleophilic base, such as triethylamine, diisopropyl ethylamine, pyridine, followed by reaction with ammonia or H₂O; or by reaction with COCl₂ (CDI, or triphosgene) or methylchloroformate or other chloroformates in an aprotic organic solvent, such as toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, THF, hexane, optionally with a non-nucleophilic base, such as triethylamine, diisopropyl ethylamine, pyridine, followed by treatment with NH₃ (or NH₄OH); or by reaction with ClCO₂Me (or ClCO₂Et) in a aprotic organic solvent, such as toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, THF, hexane, optionally with a non-nucleophilic base, such as triethylamine, diisopropyl ethylamine, pyridine followed by treatment with NH₃ (or NH₄OH) or reaction with NH₂CO₂(t-Bu), followed by reaction with ammonia. This reaction may, or may not, require heating (e.g., temperature between r.t. and 250° C.). The heating can be carried out in any manner and may include the use of an oil bath or microwave irradiation.

Another aspect of the invention is a process for making a compound of Formula (III):

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; and wherein X and R₃ are     as defined above for compounds of Formula (I); comprising reacting a     compound of the formula     wherein -   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is carbon or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   m is an integer having a value of 1, or 2; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted; -   with X-Y wherein X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or     N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q); and R₂, R_(2′), m, n′, R₁₁,     R_(11′), R_(h) and R_(q)R_(q′) are as defined according to Formula     (I or III) herein; and

Y is hydrogen, a metal, a boronic acid derivative, or a trialkyl tin derivative, in an anhydrous organic solvent which does not contain a nucleophile to yield a compound of Formula (III).

In the transformation of (II) to (III), when Y is hydrogen then X is the following:

-   -   a) X═OR_(2′), or X is S(O)_(m)R_(2′) (and m=0); or     -   b) X is (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))S(O)_(m)R_(2′),         (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or         (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) and n′=0; or     -   c) X═R₂ and R₂═(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), q′=0,         and X₁ is N(R_(10′)), O, S(O)_(m) and m=0.     -   d) when X is N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′).

In the transformation of (II) to (III), when Y is a metal, such as Li, Mg, or any other appropriate metal or metal complex; then X is the following:

a) X is R₂, and R₂ is C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety.

In the transformation of (II) to (III), when Y is a boronic acid, (B(OH)₂) or boronic ester derivatives; then X is the following

-   -   a) X═R₂, and R₂=aryl, or heteroaryl.

When Y is a trialkyl tin derivative, such as (C₁₋₄alkyl)₃Sn, then

-   -   a) X═R₂, and R₂=aryl, or heteroaryl.

It is recognized that for compounds of Formula (II) or (III) when G1 is NH, the nitrogen may need to be protected under standard conditions, and then deprotected after the transformation, as desired.

The anhydrous organic solvents include, but are not limited to CH₂Cl₂, chloroform, CH₃CN, benzene, THF, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, DMSO, DMF and toluene.

This reaction may or may not require heating (e.g., temperature between r.t. and 300° C.) and the heating can be carried out with, but not limited to a regular oil bath or microwave irradiations;

This reaction may or may not require the presence of bases, and the bases include, but are not limited to triethyl amine, diisopropyl ethyl amine, NaH, n-Buli, tert-BuLi, tert-BuOK, Li₂CO₃, Cs₂CO₃ and pyridine. It is recognized that some of these bases will be incompatible with the organic solvents specified above.

This reaction may or may not be carried out in a sealed reaction vessel and the internal pressure may be higher than one atmosphere (e.g., between 1 and 100 atmospheres).

This reaction may or may not require the presence of catalytic amount of catalysts containing transition metals (e.g., Pd, Cu, Ni or W). These catalysts include but are not limited to Pd/C, Pd(PPh₃)₄ and PdCl₂.

Another aspect of the invention is a process for making a compound of Formula (III),

wherein

-   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; and wherein X and R₃ are     as defined above for compounds of Formula (III); comprising reacting     a compound of the formula     wherein -   G1 is CH₂ or NH: -   G2 is CH or nitrogen; -   Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; -   Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; -   m is an integer having a value of 1, or 2; -   R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl,     arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a     heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties     may be optionally substituted; -   with X-Y wherein X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′),     (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or     N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); and R₂, R_(2′), m, n′,     R₁₁, R_(10′), R_(h) and R_(q)R_(q′) are as defined according to     Formula (I or III) herein; and     and Y is NH₂, NH(R₁₀), OH, or SH, in an anhydrous organic solvent to     yield a compound of Formula (III), provided that     -   a) X is R₂ and R₂ is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇         cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl,         heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl;         or     -   b) X is (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₀)S(O)_(m)R_(2′),         (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄,         (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), and n′ is greater than 2.

The anhydrous organic solvents include, but are not limited to CH₂Cl₂, chloroform, CH₃CN, benzene, THF, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, DMSO, DMF and toluene, DMF, acetone, toluene, n-methyl-pyrrolidine, or dioxane, or a combination or mixture thereof.

This reaction may or may not require heating (e.g., temperature between room temperature and 300° C.) and the heating can be carried out with, but not limited to a regular oil bath or microwave irradiations;

-   This reaction may or may not require the presence of bases, and the     bases include, but are not limited to triethyl amine, diisopropyl     ethyl amine, NaH, n-Buli, tert-BuLi, tert-BuOK, Li₂CO₃, Cs₂CO₃ and     pyridine. It is recognized that some of these bases will be     incompatible with the organic solvents specified above.

This reaction may or may not be carried out in a sealed reaction vessel and the internal pressure may be higher than one atomosphere (e.g., between 1 and 100 atmospheres).

This reaction may or may not require the presence of catalytic amount of catalysts containing transition metals (e.g., Pd, Cu, Ni or W). These catalysts include but are not limited to Pd/C, Pd(PPh₃)₄ and PdCl₂. It is recognized that use of these metals is generally not needed for simple transformations.

Exemplified Compounds of Formulas (II):

-   4-Chloro-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one;     4-Chloro-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-methylsulfinyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; -   4-Chloro-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; -   4-Chloro-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfinyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; -   4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one;     and -   4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfinyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one.     Exemplified Compounds of Formula (III): -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-Chloro-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one;     2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-Chloro-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one;

Exemplified compounds of Formula (I) which may be produced using the processes described herein include:

-   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-phenyl-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3,4-diflorophenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-biphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-biphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-tolyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-fluoro-4-biphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methylthiophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methylthiophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-phenyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-methylthiophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-hydroxylphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-hydroxylphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-hydroxylphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(3-methylsulfonylphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-(2-methylsulfonylphenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   8-(2,6-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one -   3-{8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[(1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)amino]-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl}-4-methyl-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzamide -   3-[2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-4-methyl-N-propylbenzamide;     or     a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or physiologically     functional derivative thereof.

SYNTHETIC EXAMPLES

The invention will now be described by reference to the following examples which are merely illustrative and are not to be construed as a limitation of the scope of the present invention. All temperatures are given in degrees centigrade, all solvents are highest available purity and all reactions run under anhydrous conditions in an Ar atmosphere where necessary. List of Abbreviations EDC: 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride DMAP: 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine m-CPBA: 3-Chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid THF: Tetrahydrofuran DCM: Dichloromethane TFA: Trifluoroacetic anhydride HATU: O-(7-Azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate NIS: N-Iodosuccinimide DMF: N,N-Dimethylformamide IPA: isopropyl alcohol DSC: differential scanning calorimetry L: liters mL: milliliters mg: milligrams g: grams rt: room temperature eq: equivalents dppf = 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene NMP = 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone dppf: 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocene DMSO: Dimethylsulfoxide EtOAc: Ethyl acetate DIPEA or DIEA: N,N-Diisopropylethylamine SPE: Solid phase extraction MDAP: Mass directed auto preparation HBTU: O-Benzotriazol-1-yl-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate HOBT: 1-Hydoxybenzo-triazole hydrate HPLC: High Pressure Liquid Chromatography M: molar mmol: millimoles mol: moles aq: aqueous eq: equivalents h: hours mp: melting point min: minutes satd: saturated

LC-MS Experimental Conditions: Liquid Chromatograph System: Shimadzu LC system with SCL-10A Controller and dual UV detector Autosampler: Leap CTC with a Valco six port injector Column: Aquasil/Aquasil (C18 40 × 1 mm) Inj. Vol.(uL): 2.0 Solvent A: H₂O, 0.02% TFA Solvent B: MeCN, 0.018% TFA Gradient: linear Channel A: UV 214 nm Channel B: ELS Time Dura. Flow Sol. Sol. Step (min) (min) (μL/min) A B 0 0.00 0.00 300.00 95.00 5.00 1 0.00 0.01 300.00 95.00 5.00 2 0.01 3.20 300.00 10.00 90.00 3 3.21 1.00 300.00 10.00 90.00 4 4.21 0.10 300.00 95.00 5.00 5 4.31 0.40 300.00 95.00 5.00 Mass PE Sciex Single Quadrupole LC/MS API-150 Spectrometer: Polarity: Positive Acquisition mode: Profile General Procedures

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were recorded at 400 MHz using on a Bruker AC 400 spectrometer. CDCl₃ is deuteriochloroform, DMSO-d₆ is hexadeuteriodimethylsulfoxide, and CD₃OD (or MeOD) is tetradeuteriomethanol. Chemical shifts are reported in parts per million (6) downfield from the internal standard tetramethylsilane (TMS) or the NMR solvent. Abbreviations for NMR data are as follows: s=singlet, d=doublet, t=triplet, q=quartet, m=multiplet, dd=doublet of doublets, dt=doublet of triplets, app=apparent, br=broad. J indicates the NMR coupling constant measured in Hertz. Mass spectra were taken on a instruments, using electrospray (ES) ionization techniques. All temperatures are reported in degrees Celsius. Other abbreviations are as described in the ACS Style Guide (American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1986).

Analtech Silica Gel GF and E. Merck Silica Gel 60 F-254 thin layer plates were used for thin layer chromatography. Both flash and gravity chromatography were carried out on E. Merck Iieselgel 60 (230-400 mesh) silica gel. Preparative hplc were performed using a Gilson Preparative System using a Luna 5u C18(2) 100A reverse phase column eluting with a 10-80 gradient (0.1% TFA in acetonitrile/0.1% aqueous TFA) or a 10-80 gradient (acetonitrile/water). The CombiFlash system used for purification in this application was purchased from Isco, Inc. CombiFlash purification was carried out using a prepacked SiO₂ column, a detector with UV wavelength at 254 nm and mixed solvents.

Heating of reaction mixtures with microwave irradiations was carried out on either a Smith Creator (purchased from Personal Chemistry, Forboro/MA, now owned by Biotage), a Emrys Optimizer (purchased from Personal Chemistry) or an Explorer (provided by CEM Discover, Matthews/NC) microwave.

Example 1 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfanyl-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4,6-dichloro-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (1.0 g, 4.5 mmol) and Et₃N (1.26 mL, 9.0 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was mixed with 4-trifluoromethylaniline (0.62 mL, 4.9 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours before bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-phosphonate (0.95 mL, 4.5 mmol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for additional 12 hours, the mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL) and washed with H₂O (2×25 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. This crude product was further purified by washing with a mixture of THF/Hexane (1:3, 2×10 mL) to provide the title compound (1.17 g, 70%): MS (ES) m/z 372 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.18 (s, 3H), 6.79 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.83 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 8.03 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H).

Example 2 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfanyl-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4,6-dichloro-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (1.0 g, 4.5 mmol) and Et₃N (1.26 mL, 9.0 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was mixed with 2,4-difluoroaniline (0.50 mL, 4.9 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours before bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)(methoxycarbonyl-methyl)phosphonate (0.95 mL, 4.5 mmol) was added. After stirring at room temperature for additional 48 hours, the mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL) and then washed with H₂O (2×25 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. This crude product was applied to flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 1:5) to provide the title compound (0.79 g, 52%): MS (ES) m/z 340 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.24 (s, 3H), 6.79 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.29 (m, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H).

Example 3 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfanyl-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-6-(2,6-difluoro-phenylamino)-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (200 mg, 0.63 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) and Ac₂O (2.0 mL) was heated with “Smith Creator” (microwave, 160° C.) for 30 minutes. The mixture was concentrate under vacuum. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 1:5) then provided the title compound (50%): MS (ES) m/z 340 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.24 (s, 3H), 6.80 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H).

Example 4 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfinyl-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfanyl-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (1.0 g, 2.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) was mixed with m-CPBA (0.63 g, 4.0 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes and concentrated under vacuum. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (0.86 g, 82%): MS (ES) m/z 388 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.80 (s, 3H), 7.03 (d, J=9.9 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.86 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 8.19 (d, J=9.9 Hz, 1H).

Example 5 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfinyl-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfanyl-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (1.0 g, 2.9 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) was mixed with m-CPBA (0.69 g, 4.4 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes and concentrated under vacuo. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (1.02 g, 97%): MS (ES) m/z 356 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.84 (m, 3H), 7.01 (d, J=9.9 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (m, 2H), 7.29 (m, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=9.9 Hz, 1H).

Example 6 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfinyl-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfanyl-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (1.0 g, 2.9 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) was mixed with m-CPBA (0.69 g, 4.4 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes and concentrated under vacuo. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (0.91 g, 87%): MS (ES) m/z 356 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.85 (s, 3H), 7.03 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.53 (m, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H).

Example 7 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfinyl-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (0.29 g, 0.75 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was mixed with a solution of serinol (0.075 g, 0.82 mmol) in DMF (0.75 mL). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour before concentrated under vacuum. Flash chromatography (EtOAc:Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (0.14 g, 45%): MS (ES) m/z 415 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.25 (s, br, 2H), 3.66 (m, br, 5H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.81 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.92 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H).

Example 8 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfinyl-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (0.24 g, 0.67 mmol) in dichloromethane (24 mL) was mixed with a solution of serinol (0.065 g, 0.71 mmol) in DMF (0.65 mL). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour before concentrated under vacuum. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (0.12 g, 46%): MS (ES) m/z 383 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.15 (s, br, 2H), 3.75 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.55 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.90 (m, 1H).

Example 9 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-methylsulfinyl-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (0.90 g, 2.53 mmol) in dichloromethane (90 mL) was mixed with a solution of serinol (0.24 g, 2.66 mmol) in DMF (2.0 mL). The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour before concentrated under vacuum. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (0.40 g, 42%): MS (ES) m/z 383 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.95 (s, br, 2H), 3.90 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.56 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.48 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.94 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H).

Example 10 4-(2-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (50 mg, 0.12 mmol) in dioxane/H₂O (3:1, 4.8 mL) was mixed with 2-methylthiophenyl boronic acid (30.4 mg, 0.18 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (50.1 mg, 0.36 mmol). The resultant mixture was bubbled with argon for 5 minutes, and added by Pd(PPh₃)₄ (2.8 mg, 0.0024 mmol). The reaction tube was sealed and heated with “Smith Creator” (microwave, 150° C.) for 15 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under vaco. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (88%): MS (ES) m/z 503 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.48 (s, 3H), 2.65 (s, br, 2H), 3.70 (m, br, 5H), 6.20 (m, br, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 7.43 (m, 6H), 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.83 (m, 2H).

Example 11 4-(3-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except 3-methylthiophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (76%): MS (ES) m/z 503 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.49 (s, br, 2H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 3.68 (m, br, 5H), 5.90 (s, br, 1H), 6.47 (s, b, 1H), 7.45 (m, 6H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.82 (m, 2H).

Example 12 4-(4-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except 4-methylthiophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (56%): MS (ES) m/z 503 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.40 (s, br, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 3.69 (m, br, 5H), 5.85 (s, br, 1H), 6.48 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.56 (m, 2H), 7.67 (m, 1H), 7.83 (m, 2H).

Example 13 4-phenyl-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except phenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (82%): MS (ES) m/z 457 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.81 (s, br, 2H), 3.68 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.59 (m, 5H), 7.82 (m, 3H).

Example 14 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except 3-chlorohenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (76%): MS (ES) m/z 491 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.66 (s, br, 2H), 3.73 (m, br, 5H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.50 (m, 1H), 7.52 (m, 6H), 7.75 (m, 1H), 7.84 (m, 2H).

Example 15 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except 4-chlorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (72%): MS (ES) m/z 491 (M+H)⁺; 1H—NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.61 (s, br, 2H), 3.73 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.50 (m, 1H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.58 (m, 4H), 7.76 (m, 1H), 7.84 (m, 2H).

Example 16 4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except 3,4-difluorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (65%): MS (ES) m/z 493 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.06 (s, br, 2H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.50 (m, 1H), 7.42 (m, 5H), 7.76 (m, 1H), 7.83 (m, 2H).

Example 17 4-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except 2-chlorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (72%). MS (ES) m/z 491 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 3.60 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 5H), 7.80 (m, 2H).

Example 18 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except [4-(methyloxy)phenyl]boronic acid was used in the coupling step (66%). MS (ES) m/z 487 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.85 (s, br, 2H), 3.69 (m, br, 5H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.84 (m, 3H).

Example 19 4-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except [3-(methyloxy)phenyl]boronic acid was used in the coupling step (65%): MS (ES) m/z 487 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.90 (s, br, 2H), 3.61 (m, br, 5H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 7.09 (m, 2H), 7.45 (m, 4H), 7.80 (m, 3H).

Example 20 4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 10 except [2-(methyloxy)phenyl]boronic acid was used in the coupling step (75%): MS (ES) m/z 487 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.20 (s, br, 2H), 3.69 (m, br, 5H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.41 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.47 (m, 5H), 7.83 (m, 2H).

Example 21 4-(3-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (50 mg, 0.13 mmol) in dioxane/H₂O (3:1, 4.8 mL) was mixed with 3-methylthiophenyl boronic acid (33.8 mg, 0.20 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (54.3 mg, 0.39 mmol). The resultant mixture was bubbled with argon for 5 minutes followed by the addition of Pd(PPh₃)₄ (3.0 mg, 0.0026 mmol). The reaction tube was sealed and heated with “Smith Creator” (microwave, 150° C.) for 15 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under vaco. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (90%): MS (ES) m/z 471 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.40 (s, br, 2H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 3.90 (m, br, 5H), 6.00 (m, br, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 5H), 7.85 (m, 1H).

Example 22 4-(4-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 4-methylthiophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (95%): MS (ES) m/z 471 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.35 (s, br, 2H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 3.76 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.46 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 1H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.81 (m, 1H).

Example 23 4-(2-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin 7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 2-methylthiophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (72%): MS (ES) m/z 471 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.55 (s, br, 2H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.40 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 6H).

Example 24 4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxy ethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3,4-difluorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (56%): MS (ES) m/z 461 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.25 (s, br, 2H), 3.77 (m, br, 5H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.48 (m, 1H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 4H), 7.74 (m, 1H).

Example 25 4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 2-methoxyphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (89%): MS (ES) m/z 455 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.85 (s, br, 2H), 3.67 (m, br, 5H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.38 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 5H), 7.30 (s, 1H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.50 (m, 1H).

Example 26 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin 7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 4-methoxyphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (70%): MS (ES) m/z 455 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.60 (s, br, 2H), 3.73 (m, br, 5H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.45 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 4H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.83 (m, 1H).

Example 27 4-(2-Biphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 2-biphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (89%): MS (ES) m/z 501 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.06 (s, br, 2H), 3.73 (m, br, 5H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.18 (s, br, 1H), 7.00 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 7H), 7.58 (m, 4H).

Example 28 4-(3-Biphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3-biphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (92%): MS (ES) m/z 501 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.10 (s, br, 2H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.60 (m, 8H), 7.82 (m, 3H).

Example 29 4-(2-Tolyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 2-tolyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (66%): MS (ES) m/z 439 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.96 (s, br, 2H), 3.68 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.39 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 6H).

Example 30 4-(3-Fluoro-4-biphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3-fluoro-4-biphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (48%): MS (ES) m/z 519 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.15 (s, br, 2H), 3.78 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.50 (m, 1H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.52 (m, 8H), 7.86 (m, 1H).

Example 31 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 4-chlorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (70%): MS (ES) m/z 459 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.83 (s, br, 2H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.46 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.53 (m, 4H), 7.72 (m, 1H).

Example 32 4-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3-chlorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (49%). MS (ES) m/z 459 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.55 (s, br, 2H), 3.74 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.53 (m, 4H), 7.73 (m, 1H).

Example 33 4-(3-Fluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3-fluorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (64%): MS (ES) m/z 443 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.05 (s, br, 2H), 3.79 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.49 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 5H), 7.77 (m, 1H).

Example 34 4-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3-methoxyphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (89%): MS (ES) m/z 455 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.07 (s, br, 2H), 3.83 (m, br, 5H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.10 (m, 5H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.47 (m, 1H), 7.82 (m, 1H).

Example 35 4-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 21 except 3,5-difluorophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (89%): MS (ES) m/z 461 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.05 (s, br, 2H), 3.89 (m, br, 5H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.51 (m, 1H), 7.08 (m, 5H), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m, 1H).

Example 36 4-(2-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (50 mg, 0.13 mmol) in dioxane/H₂O (3:1, 4.8 mL) was mixed with 2-methylthiophenyl boronic acid (33.8 mg, 0.20 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (54.3 mg, 0.39 mmol). The resultant mixture was bubbled with argon for 5 minutes, and added by Pd(PPh₃)₄ (3.0 mg, 0.0026 mmol). The reaction tube was sealed and heated with “Smith Creator” (microwave, 150° C.) for 15 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under vaco. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then provided the title compound (89%): MS (ES) m/z 471 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.55 (s, br, 2H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.25 (m, br, 1H), 6.41 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 2H), 7.45 (m, 2H), 7.51 (m, 2H).

Example 37 4-(3-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 36 except 3-methylthiophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (71%): MS (ES) m/z 471 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.50 (s, br, 2H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.25 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 1H), 7.46 (m, 4H), 7.77 (m, 1H).

Example 38 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 36 except 4-methoxyphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (70%): MS (ES) m/z 455 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.80 (s, br, 2H), 3.77 (m, br, 5H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 6.10 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 4H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.86 (m, 1H).

Example 39 4-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 36 except 3-methoxyphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (79%): MS (ES) m/z 455 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.25 (s, br, 2H), 3.75 (m, br, 5H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.46 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 5H), 7.47 (m, 2H), 7.82 (m, 1H).

Example 40 4-phenyl-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 36 except phenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (89%): MS (ES) m/z 425 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.16 (s, br, 2H), 3.83 (m, br, 5H), 6.15 (m, br, 1H), 6.47 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 2H), 7.55 (m, 6H), 7.80 (m, 1H).

Example 41 4-(4-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 36 except 4-methylthiophenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (67%): MS (ES) m/z 471 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, br, 2H), 3.72 (m, br, 5H), 6.20 (m, br, 1H), 6.46 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.56 (m, 2H), 7.81 (m, 1H).

Example 42 4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 36 except 2-methoxyphenyl boronic acid was used in the coupling step (91%): MS (ES) m/z 455 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.70 (s, br, 2H), 3.68 (m, br, 5H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 6.20 (m, br, 1H), 6.40 (m, 1H), 7.08 (m, 4H), 7.48 (m, 4H).

Example 43 4-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (50 mg, 0.13 mmol) in dioxane/H₂O (3:1, 4.8 mL) was mixed with 2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol (44.0 mg, 0.20 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (71.9 mg, 0.52 mmol). The resultant mixture was bubbled with argon for 5 minutes, and added by Pd(PPh₃)₄ (3.0 mg, 0.0026 mmol). The reaction tube was sealed and heated with “Smith Creator” (microwave, 150° C.) for 15 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under vaco. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 3:1) then afforded the title compound (82%): MS (ES) m/z 441 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 1.65 (s, br, 2H), 3.80 (m, br, 5H), 6.05 (m, br, 1H), 6.54 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 4H), 7.48 (m, 3H), 7.98 (m, 1H).

Example 44 4-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 43 except 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol was used in the coupling step (13%): MS (ES) m/z 441 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR-(CD₃OD) δ 2.18 (m, br, 5H), 4.92 (m, 1H), 5.50 (m, 1H), 5.65 (m, 4H), 5.86 (m, 1H), 6.08 (m, 1H), 6.44 (m, 1H).

Example 45 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 43 except 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol was used in the coupling step (56%): MS (ES) m/z 441 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) δ 2.18 (m, br, 5H), 4.91 (m, 1H), 5.48 (m, 2H), 5.71 (m, 2H), 6.07 (m, 3H), 6.51 (m, 1H).

Example 46 4-(4-Methylsulfonyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

A solution of 4-(4-Methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in methylene chloride (3 mL) was mixed with in CPBA (80.0 mg, 0.33 mmol).

After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the mixture was concentrated under vaco. Flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexane, 10:1) then provided the title compound (61%): MS (ES) m/z 502 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.06 (s, br, 2H), 3.16 (s, 3H), 3.77 (m, br, 5H), 6.20 (m, br, 1H), 6.51 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 2H), 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 8.15 (m, 2H).

Example 47 4-(3-Methylsulfonyl-phenyl-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared from 4-(3-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one by following the procedure in Example 46 (64%): MS (ES) m/z 503 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.09 (s, br, 2H), 3.16 (s, 3H), 3.78 (m, br, SH), 6.35 (m, br, 1H), 6.55 (m, 1H), 7.14 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.81 (m, 1H), 7.95 (m, 1H), 8.17 (m, 1H), 8.30 (s, br, 1H).

Example 48 4-(2-Methylsulfonyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one

The title compound was prepared from 4-(2-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one by following the procedure in Example 46 (62%): MS (ES) m/z 503 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.27 (s, br, 2H), 3.28 (s, 3H), 3.77 (m, br, 5H), 6.20 (s, br, 1H), 6.41 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.81 (m, 2H), 8.26 (m, 1H).

Example 49 N-cyclopropyl-3-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-5-fluoro-4-methylbenzamide

3-Fluoro-4-methylbenzoic acid (1.54 g, 0.01 mol) is dissolved in trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (10 mL) and cooled to about 0° C. NIS (2.25 g. 0.01 mol) is added in several portions over a 6 h period while maintaining the reaction temperature at about 0° C. The mixture is allowed to warm to rt. overnight. The reaction mixture is then poured over ice and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The organic layers are washed (Na₂S₂O₅) and concentrated. The material is carried on crude.

The crude acid from above (˜1.5 g) is dissolved in thionyl chloride (75 mL) and heated to 80° C. for about 2 h. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature and stirred under N₂ overnight. The mixture is concentrated in vacuo and dissolved in 15 mL DCM. Na₂CO₃ (3 g) is added along with the cyclopropyl amine (0.69 mL, 0.01 moles (hereinafter “mol”)). The mixture is allowed to stir overnight and purified via flash chromatography (5% MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) to afford 0.904 g of N-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-5-iodo-4-methylbenzamide

N-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-5-iodo-4-methylbenzamide (0.904 g, 2.83 mmol) is dissolved in DMF (30 mL). Bis-pinicalato-diborane (1.44 g, 2.83 mmol) is added followed by PdCl₂.dppf (55 mg) and potassium acetate (1.38 g, 14.15 mmol). The mixture are stirred for about 18 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified via flash chromatography to afford N-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzamide (60 mg).

4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-amino}pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (0.056 g, 0.17 mmol), N-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzamide (0.065 g, 0.17 mmol), K₂CO₃ (0.07 g, 0.51 mmol) and tetrakis triphenyl phosphine palladium (10 mg, 0.05 eq) are dissolved in dioxane/water (3:1, 10 mL) and heated to about 100° C. for about 3 h. The mixture is concentrated and purified via reverse phase HPLC to afford the title compound (9 mg, yellow powder, mp 214.2-217.5): LC-MS m/z 540 (M+H)⁺, 1.69 min (ret time). HPLC indicates 96% pure.

Example 50 4-chloro-2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one

To the compound 4-chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylsulfinyl)-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (1.59 g, 4.47 mmol) in dichloromethane (89.4 mL) were added N,N-diethyl-1,3-propanediamine (0.845 mL, 5.36 mol) and triethylamine (1.26 uL, 8.94 mol). The mixture was stirred at rt overnight. Some white precipitate was formed during the reaction. Filtration followed by wash with ethyl acetate/dichoromethane/methanol afforded the title compound (1.028 g, 60%). LC-MS m/z 383 (M+H)⁺.

Example 51 4-chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one

To the compound 4-chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylsulfinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (1.39 g, 3.9 mmol) in dichloromethane (80 mL) were added 4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidine (0.75 g, 5.85 mol) and triethylamine (1.03 mL, 11.7 mmol). The mixture was stirred at about −20° C. overnight. Filtration followed by concentration, the crude was purified with flash chromatography to afford the title compound (0.904 g, 51%). LC-MS m/z 474 (M+H)⁺.

Example 52 3-[8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-4-methylbenzoic acid

To a stirring solution of 3-iodo-4-methylbenzoic acid (60 g, 0.22 mol, 1 eq) in degassed DMF (1400 mL, 23.3 vol.) was charged 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (81.4 g, 0.32 mol, 1.4 eq) followed by potassium acetate (112 g, 1.14 mole, 5 eq) and [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]-dichloropalladium(II) (18.7 g, 0.02 mole, 0.1 eq). The resulting mixture was placed under a nitrogen atmosphere and was heated to 80° C. with the exclusion of light overnight. The mixture was then concentrated under high vacuum and the residue partitioned between EtOAc and 2M HCl. The mixture was then filtered and the layers separated. The aqueous phase was re-extracted with EtOAc. The combined organics were then washed with brine, dried and evaporated to yield a brown solid that was applied to a silica plug then eluted with 2:1 cyclohexane:ethyl acetate. Fractions were then combined and evaporated to yield a brown foam that was triturated with cyclohexane, collected by filtration then dried in vacuo to yield 4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid.

(CDCl₃) 8.50-8.49 (1H, d), 8.04-8.02 (1H, dd), 7.27-7.25 (1H, d), 2.61 (3H, s), 1.36 (12H, s).

To the compound 4-chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (47.5 mg, 0.1 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) and water (1 mL) were added 4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (38.4 mg, 0.15 mol), potassium carbonate (83 mg, 0.6 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (4.6 mL, 0.005 mmol). The mixture was heated with microwave at about 150° C. for about 15 min. The mixture was concentrated & then mixed with DMSO (0.75 mL) and water (0.25 mL). Separation by HPLC afforded the title compound (39 mg, 68%). LC-MS m/z 574 (M+H)⁺.

Example 53 3-[2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-2-methylbenzoic acid

To the compound 4-chloro-2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (176 mg, 0.418 mmol) in dioxane (4.5 mL) and water (1.5 mL) was added 2-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (173 mg, 0.626 mol), potassium carbonate (289 mg, 2.09 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (24.2 mg, 0.0259 mmol). The mixture was heated with microwave at about 150° C. for about 15 min. The mixture was filtered. Separation by HPLC with TFA afforded the title compound (238 mg, 99%). LC-MS m/z 522 (M+H)⁺.

Example 54 1,1-dimethylethyl 3-[2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-5-fluoro-4-methylbenzoate trifluoroacetate

To the compound 4-chloro-2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (600 mg, 1.422 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL) and water (5 mL) were added 1,1-dimethylethyl 3-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate (542 mg, 2.132 mol), potassium carbonate (590 mg, 4.26 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(0) (82 mg, 0.071 mmol). The mixture was heated with microwave at 150° C. for 15 minutes. The mixture was filtered. Separation by HPLC with TFA afforded the crude title compound.

Example 55 4-[2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoic acid

To the compound 4-chloro-2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (168.75 mg, 0.40 mmol) in dioxane (12 mL) and water (4 mL) were added 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (148.85 mg, 0.60 mol), potassium carbonate (208 mg, 1.20 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (23 mg, 0.02 mmol). The mixture was heated with microwave at 150° C. for 15 min. The mixture was concentrated. It was mixed with DMSO (0.75 mL) and water (0.25 mL). Separation by HPLC afforded the title compound (147 mg, 72%). LC-MS m/z 508 (M+H)⁺.

Example 56 3-[2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoic acid

To the compound 4-chloro-2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (210.5 mg, 0.50 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL) and water (5 mL) were added 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (125 mg, 0.75 mol), potassium carbonate (210 mg, 1.20 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (29 mg, 0.025 mmol). The mixture was heated with microwave at about 150° C. for about 15 min. The mixture was concentrated, then mixed with DMSO (0.75 mL) and water (0.25 mL). Separation by HPLC afforded the title compound (467 mg, 32%). LC-MS m/z 508 (M+H)⁺.

Example 57 5-Chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylthio)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one 57a) 4-chloro-6-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)amino]-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile

To the solution of phosphorus oxychloride (65 mL, 0.70 mol) in trichloroethylene (46.5 mL) was added DMF (25 mL, 0.32 mol) slowly to keep the temperature between 5° C. to 10° C. The solution was then warmed up to room temperature before 6-hydroxy-2-(methylthio)-4(1H)-pyrimidinone (25 g, 0.16 mol) was added in portions. The resultant reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight followed by concentration under vacuum. The resulting slurry like residue was poured into ice, stirred for about 2 hours then filtered to afford the crude product. The crude product was further purified by recrystallization with hexane to afford 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde (21.3 g, 61%). ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.66 (s, 3H), 10.4 (s, 1H).

To the mixture of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (139 mg, 2.0 mmol), HOAc (0.113 mL, 2.0 mmol) and EtOH (5 mL) was added 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde (223 mg, 1.0 mol) to room temperature. The solution was then heated at 50° C. for about 1 hour, 60° C. for about 30 minutes and 70° C. for about 30 minutes before it was concentrated under vacuum and washed with H₂O (10-20 mL) to afford 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde oxime (190 mg, 80%). LC-MS m/z 238 (M+H)⁺ 1.57 minute, 1.65 minute; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.62, 2.65(3H), 7.53, 8.30(1H).

To 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde oxime (2.38 g, 10 mmol) was added SOCl₂ (21.8 mL, 0.30 mol) slowly at room temperature. The solution was then heated at 75° C. for about 3 hours before it was concentrated under vacuum. The residue SOCl₂ was removed by evaporation with toluene (5 mL) under vacuum. The resulting solid was washed with EtOH/H₂O (10 mL, 1:1) to afford 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (2.04 g, 93%). LC-MS m/z 220 (M+H)⁺ 1.99 minute; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.64(3H).

To the solution of 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (2.20 g, 10.0 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added 2,6-difluoroaniline (2.17 mL, 20.0 mmol). The solution was stirred at 50° C. for about 60 minutes. The mixture was slowly added into a solution of MeOH (20 mL) and water (30 mL). The resultant solid was filtered and washed with MeOH/H₂O (20 mL, 1:1) to give 4-chloro-6-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)amino]-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile as a white solid (2.82 g, 90%). LC-MS m/z 313 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ 2.33 (s, 3H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 7.04 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 1H).

57b) 5-(Aminomethyl)-6-chloro-N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylthio)-4-pyrimidinamine

To the solution of 4-chloro-6-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)amino]-2-(methylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (0.938 g) was added borane.THF complex (1.0 M, 15 mL). The reaction mixture was then heated at reflux for about 4 h until all the starting material disappeared. The solution was cooled to r.t., mixed with HCl solution (6 M, 5 mL), and stirred at room temperature for about 30 minutes. The solution was then mixed with NaOH solution (3 M) to pH 9.0-10.0. The organic phase was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), collected, dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated to afford the title compound 0.97 g (quantative). LC-MS m/z 317 (M+H)⁺, 1.5 min (ret. time).

57c) 5-Chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylthio)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one

To the solution of 5-(aminomethyl)-6-chloro-N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylthio)-4-pyrimidinamine (0.317 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL) was added the mixture of carbonyl diimidazole (0.178 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL). The resultant mixture was stirred for about 3 hours at r.t., mixed with CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL) and washed with HCl (1 N, 2×10 mL) and H₂O (20 mL). The organic layers were collected, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to provide the title compound (0.279 g, 81%). LC-MS m/z 343 (M+H)⁺, 1.75 min (ret. time); ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.44-7.40 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.03 (m, 2H), 5.84 (br, 1H), 4.62 (s, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H).

Example 58 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylsulfinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one

To a solution of 3-[8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylthio)-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-4-methylbenzoic acid (1.71 g, 5 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (60 mL) was added m-CPBA (1.17 g, 5.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, then directly loaded onto a column. Flash chromatography (mobile phase EtOAc/Hexane) afforded the title compound as a white solid 1.58 g (88%). LC-MS m/z 358 (M+H)⁺.

Example 59 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl]-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylsulfinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1B)-one (250 mg, 0.70 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) were added 4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)piperidine (323 mg, 2.1 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.3 mL, 1.7 mmol). The resultant solution was stirred at room temperature over night. The result mixture was concentrated. CombiFlash chromatography (mobile phase DCM/DCM[90]+MeOH[7]+NH₄OH[3]) provided the title compound as a white solid (253 mg, 81%). LC-MS m/z 449 (M+H)⁺

Example 60 3-{8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-2-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl}-N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl]-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (18 mg, 0.04 mmol) in dioxane (1.5 mL)/water (0.5 mL) were added potassium carbonate (34 mg, 0.25 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.3 mg, 0.002 mmol) and N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzamide (22 mg, 0.062 mmol). The reaction mixture was bubbled with N₂ for 5 mins, then microwaved at about 150° C. for about 30 mins. The reaction mixture was concentrated. CombiFlash chromatography (mobile phase DCM/DCM[90]+MeOH[7]+NH₄OH[3]) provided the title compound as a white solid (14 mg, 54%). LC-MS m/z 642 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) δ 1.32 (m, 2H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.88 (m, 2H), 2.24 (m, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.62 (m, 4H), 2.74 (t, 2H), 4.17 (m, 2H), 4.40 (m, 2H), 7.12 (m, 4H), 7.52 (m, 2H), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, 1H).

Example 61 7-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one)

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylsulfinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (200 mg, 0.56 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) were added 1,4′-bipiperidine (270 mg, 1.61 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.3 mL, 1.7 mmol). The resultant solution was stirred at room temperature over night. The result mixture was concentrated. CombiFlash chromatography (mobile phase DCM/DCM[90]+MeOH[7]+NH₄OH[3]) provided the title compound as a white solid (298 mg, 83%). LC-MS m/z 463 (M+H)⁺.

Example 62 3-[2-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide

To a solution of compound 7-(1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (18 mg, 0.04 mmol) in dioxane (1.5 mL)/water (0.5 mL) were added potassium carbonate (34 mg, 0.25 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.3 mg, 0.002 mmol) and N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzamide (22 mg, 0.062 mmol). The reaction mixture was bubbled with N₂ for 5 mins, then microwaved at about 150° C. for about 30 mins. The reaction mixture was concentrated. CombiFlash chromatography (mobile phase DCM/DCM[90]+MeOH [7]+NH₄OH[3]) provided the title compound as a white solid (13 mg, 51%). LC-MS m/z 656 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) δ 1.37 (m, 2H), 1.48 (m, 2H), 1.60 (m, 4H), 1.80 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.56 (m, 5H), 2.72 (t, 2H), 4.17 (m, 2H), 4.46 (m, 2H), 7.12 (m, 4H), 7.52 (m, 2H), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, 1H).

Example 63 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one)

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylsulfinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (800 mg, 2.23 mmol) in DCM (45 mL) were added N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (0.36 mL, 3.23 mmol) and triethylamine (0.63 mL, 4.5 mmol). The resultant solution was stirred at room temperature over night. The result mixture was concentrated. CombiFlash chromatography (mobile phase DCM/DCM[90]+MeOH[7]+NH₄OH[3]) provided the title compound as a white solid (730 mg, 85%). LC-MS m/z 383 (M+H)⁺.

Example 64 3-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)benzoic acid

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl]amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (100 mg, 0.26 mmol) in dioxane (9 mL)/water (3 mL) were added potassium carbonate (217 mg, 1.57 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (15 mg, 0.013 mmol) and 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (65 mg, 0.39 mmol). The reaction mixture was bubbled with N₂ for 5 mins, then microwaved at about 150° C. for about 30 mins. The reaction mixture was concentrated. To the concentrated mixture were added DMSO (2 mL), H₂O (0.5 mL) and AcOH (0.05 mL). Separation via a HPLC then provided the title compound as a white solid (120 mg, 98%). LC-MS m/z 469 (M+H)⁺.

Example 65 4-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)benzoic acid

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl]-amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (150 mg, 0.39 mmol) in dioxane (12 mL)/water (4 mL) were added potassium carbonate (325 mg, 2.36 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (23 mg, 0.019 mmol) and 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (146 mg, 0.59 mmol). The reaction mixture was bubbled with N₂ for about 5 mins, then microwaved at about 150° C. for about 30 mins. The reaction mixture was concentrated. To the concentrated mixture were added DMSO (2 mL), H₂O (0.5 mL) and AcOH (0.05 mL). Separation via a HPLC then provided the title compound as a white solid (142 mg, 77%). LC-MS m/z 469 (M+H)⁺.

Example 66 4-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylbenzoic acid

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (200 mg, 0.52 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL)/water (5 mL) were added potassium carbonate (433 mg, 3.14 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (31 mg, 0.027 mmol) and 3-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (205 mg, 0.78 mmol). The reaction mixture was bubbled with N₂ for about 10 mins, then microwaved at 150° C. for about 30 mins. The reaction mixture was concentrated. To the concentrated mixture were added DMSO (2 mL), H₂O (0.5 mL) and AcOH (0.05 mL). Gilson with TFA provided the title compound as a white solid (310 mg, 99%). LC-MS m/z 483 (M+H)⁺.

Example 67 1,1-dimethylethyl 3-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-5-fluoro-4-methylbenzoate

To a solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (200 mg, 0.52 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL)/water (5 mL) were added potassium carbonate (433 mg, 3.14 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (31 mg, 0.027 mmol) and (5-{[(1,1-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}-3-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)boronic acid (159 mg, 0.63 mmol). The reaction mixture was bubbled with N₂ for 10 mins, then microwaved at 150° C. for 30 mins. The reaction mixture was concentrated. To the concentrated mixture were added DMSO (2 mL), H₂O (0.5 mL) and AcOH (0.05 mL). Separation via a HPLC then provided the title compound as a white solid (270 mg, 88%). LC-MS m/z 587 (M+H)⁺.

Example 68 3-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid

To the solution of 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (191 mg, 0.50 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL) and water (5 mL) were added 4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (197 mg, 0.75 mmol), K₂CO₃ (415 mg, 3.0 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(0) (23 mg, 0.025 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 150° C. for about 15 minutes with microwave. The reaction mixture was concentrated to dry then was added DMSO (2 mL), water (0.5 mL) and HOAc (1 drop). The solution was filtered and applied to the reverse phase HPLC to afford the titled compound 0.24 g (quantitative). LC-MS m/z 483 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.76 (s, 6H), 3.16 (s, 2H), 3.56 (s, 2H), 4.13 (s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.53 (m, 2H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 8.09 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H).

Example 69 3-(8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-4-ethylbenzoic acid

The title compound was prepared by following the procedure in Example 68 except 3-(dihydroxyboranyl)-4-ethylbenzoic acid was used in the coupling reaction (yield: 38%). LC-MS m/z 497 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) 1.22 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 2.68 (s, 2H), 2.77 (s, 6H), 3.16 (m, 2H), 3.53 (m, 2H), 4.13 (m, 2H), 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 8.10 (ml H).

Example 70 5-chloro-7-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one trifluoroacetate

To 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylsulfinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (275 mg, 0.767 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) was added N,N-diethyl-1,3-propyldiamine (0.181 mL, 1.15 mmol) and triethylamine (0.215 mL, 1.53 mmol). The mixture was stirred over night. The mixture was concentrated and separated by Gilson HPLC (with 0.1% TFA) to afford the title compound (207 mg, 64%).

Example 71 3-[2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-4-methylbenzoic acid

To 5-chloro-7-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (207 mg, 0.488 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (7.5 mL) and water (2.5 mL) was added 4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (0.192 g, 0.733 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(0) (28.3 mg, 0.024 mmol), and potassium carbonate (270 mg, 1.95 mmol). The mixture was heated with microwave for about 15 min at 150° C., and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture was concentrated and separated by HPLC to afford the title compound (66 mg, 26%). LC-MS m/z 525 (M+H)⁺.

Example 72 3-[8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylthio)-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-4-methylbenzoic acid

The solution of 4-chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylthio) pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (1.70 g, 5.00 mmol) in DME (150 mL) and H₂O (50 mL), in a pressure flask (500 mL, Chemglass), was added 4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxa borolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (1.97 g, 7.50 mmol) and K₂ CO₃ (4.15 g, 30.0 mmol). The resulting mixture was degassed with Argon for 5 minutes, mixed with Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.232 g, 0.20 mmol) and heated with a preheated oil bath (160° C.) under vigorous stirring for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite, concentrated under vacuum to remove DME. It was then mixed with EtOAc (200 mL) and AcOH (2.5 mL), and shaked. The layers were separated. The organic layer was collected, further washed with brine (70 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, concentrated and purified via a flash chromatography (load column with DCM, mobile phase EtOAc/Hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid 2.15 g (98%). LC-MS (ES) m/z 440 (M+H)⁺; ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) δ 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 6.71 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (t, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (m, 2H), 8.00 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (dd, J₁=7.6 Hz, J₂=1.6 Hz, 1H).

Example 73 3-[8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(methylthio)-7-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-N,N,4-trimethylbenzamide

4-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (1 g, 3.8 mmoles) was taken up in CH₂Cl₂ (200 mL) and was treated with oxalyl chloride (0.44 mL, 5 mmol) and DMF (1 drop). One hour after gas evolution had ceased, the solvents were pumped off in vacuo, and the residue stripped from toluene. This was again taken up in CH₂Cl₂ (200 mL), and excess dimethyl amine was bubbled into the mixture, which was then sealed off and stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvents were pumped off to give the crude N,N,4-trimethyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzamide, which was used without further purification in the next step.

5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-(methylthio)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (0.102 g, 0.298 mmol), N,N,4-trimethyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzamide from above, (0.129 g, 0.447 mmol), and K₂CO₃ (0.123 g, 0.894 mmol), were taken up in dioxane (6 mL) and water (1.2 mL). The mixture was degassed with argon for 30 min and tetrakis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(0) (0.026 g, 0.022 mmol) was added. The mixture was then heated under argon at 95° C. for 18 h. The solvents were pumped off, and after aqueous workup, the crude material was flashed on silica gel (15 g), eluted with a EtOAc/CH₂Cl₂ gradient to give the title compound as a white amorphous solid. mp 144-147° C. LC-MS m/z 470 (M+H)⁺, 2.02 min (ret time).

All publications, including but not limited to patents and patent applications, cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference herein as though fully set forth.

The above description fully discloses the invention including preferred embodiments thereof. Modifications and improvements of the embodiments specifically disclosed herein are within the scope of the following Claims. Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. Therefore, the Examples herein are to be construed as merely illustrative and not a limitation of the scope of the present invention in any way. The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is Claimed are defined as follows. 

1. A compound of the formula:

wherein G1 is CH₂ or NH: G2 is CH or nitrogen; Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; R_(g) is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; m is 0, or an integer having a value of 1, or 2; R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted.
 2. The compound according to claim 1 which is Formula (II).
 3. The compound according to claim 1 which is Formula (IIa).
 4. The compound according to claims 1 wherein Rg is methyl.
 5. The compound according to claim 4 wherein m is
 0. 6. The compound according to claim 4 wherein m is
 1. 7. The compound according to claim 1 wherein Rx is chloro.
 8. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R₃ is an optionally substituted aryl.
 9. The compound according to claim 8 wherein R₃ is optionally substituted independently, one or more times, independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, hydroxy, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, or halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl.
 10. The compound according to claim 9 wherein R₃ is a phenyl substituted one or more times independently by fluorine, chlorine, or methyl.
 11. The compound according to claim 8 wherein R₃ is phenyl, 4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 2,4-difluoro-phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, or 2,6-dimethylphenyl.
 12. The compound according to claim 1 which is: 4-Chloro-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 4-Chloro-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-methylsulfinyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 4-Chloro-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 4-Chloro-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfinyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; and 4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-2-methylsulfinyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one.
 13. A compound of the formula:

wherein G1 is CH₂ or NH: G2 is CH or nitrogen; Rx is chloro, bromo, iodo, or O—S(O)₂CF₃; X is R₂, OR_(2′), S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R₁₁)C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), or N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NRqRq′; X₁ is N(R₁₁), O, S(O)_(m), or CR₁₀R₂₀; R_(h) is selected from an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂—O—CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—C(O)N(R_(10′))CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—N(R_(10′))C(O)CH₂—, —CH₂—CH(OR₁₀)—CH₂, —CH₂—C(O)O—CH₂—CH₂-, or —CH₂—CH₂—O—C(O)CH₂—; R_(q) and R_(q), are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkenyl-C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, wherein all of the moieties, excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted, or R_(q) and R_(q) together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 to 7 membered optionally substituted ring, which ring may contain an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; R₂ is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or R₂ is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); R_(2′) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; R_(2″) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or wherein R_(2″) is the moiety (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(t)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃); A₁ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; A₂ is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, or aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; A₃ is hydrogen or is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; R₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted; R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocylic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or a heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; or the R₄ and R₁₄ together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; R₁₁ is independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; n′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; q is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; q′ is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 6; or t is an integer having a value of 2 to
 6. 14. The compound according to claim 13 which is Formula (III).
 15. The compound according to claim 13 which is Formula (IIIa).
 16. The compound according to claim 13 wherein Rx is chloro.
 17. The compound according to claim 13 wherein R₃ is an optionally substituted aryl.
 18. The compound according to claim 17 wherein R₃ is optionally substituted independently, one or more times, independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, hydroxy, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, or halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl.
 19. The compound according to claim 18 wherein R₃ is phenyl substituted one or more times independently by fluorine, chlorine or methyl.
 20. The compound according to claim 18 wherein R₃ is phenyl, 4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 2,4-difluoro-phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, or 2,6-dimethylphenyl.
 21. The compound according to claim 13 wherein X is R₂, and R₂ is (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁ (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), or C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃).
 22. The compound according to claim 21 wherein at least one of A₁, A₂ or A₃ is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl substituted by (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆; and wherein n is 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; m is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; R₆ is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl or a heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen may be optionally substituted independently at each occurrence, one or more times, by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; S(O)_(m) alkyl; C(O); NR_(4′)R_(14′); C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; an unsubstituted aryl or arylalkyl, or an aryl or arylalkyl substituted one or two times by halogen, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄alkyl, or CF₃; R_(4′) and R_(14′) are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R_(4′) and R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′); and R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl.
 23. The compound according to claim 21 wherein X₁N(R_(10′)), q is 1 or 2, q′ is 0, and R₆ is hydrogen.
 24. The compound according to claim 13 wherein X is (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)).
 25. The compound according to claim 24 wherein X is (CH₂)_(n)NR₄R₁₄, and R₄ and R₁₄ are independently selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, optionally substituted heterocyclic, optionally substituted heterocylic C₁₋₄alkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl.
 26. The compound according to claim 25 wherein the C₁₋₁₀alkyl may be substituted one or more times, independently at each occurrence with NR_(4′)R_(14′); halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, C(O)N_(4′)R_(14′); or NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl; and wherein R_(4′) and R_(14′) are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl, or R_(4′) and R_(14′) together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring of 5 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from NR_(9′); and R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl.
 27. The compound according to claim 24 wherein X is (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)), and R_(2′) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroarylalkyl.
 28. The compound according to claim 27 wherein the R_(2′) moieties, excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted 1 to 4 times, independently, at each occurrence, by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, halogen, —C(O), cyano, nitro, aryl, aryl C₁₀alkyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′)C₁₋₄alkylNR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R₁₀)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(═N(R_(10′)))NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(═NOR₆)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇; and wherein R₆ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen are optionally substituted; R₇ is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₆alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₆ alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted; R_(e) are R_(e′) are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or a heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl moiety; or R_(e) and R_(e′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be substituted 1 to 4 times, independently at each occurrence by halogen; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkoxy; amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, S(O)_(m)R_(f); C(O)R_(j); C(O)OR_(j); (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇; (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR_(d)R_(d′); C(O)NR_(4′)R_(14′); NR_(4′)C(O)C₁₋₁₀alkyl; NR_(4′)C(O)aryl; cyano; nitro; C₁₋₁₀alkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl; C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl; halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl; aryl, aryl C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclicC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroC₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these aryl, heterocyclic, and heteroaryl containing moieties may be optionally substituted one to two times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₁₀alkoxy, S(O)_(m)alkyl, amino, mono & di-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl amino, C₁₋₄ alkyl, or CF₃; R_(f) is independently selected at each occurrence from C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclic C₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties may all be optionally substituted; R_(4′) and R_(14′) are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R_(4′) and R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form a 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′); R_(j) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; and n is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to
 10. 29. The compound according to claim 27 wherein R_(2′) is a heterocyclic or a heterocyclic alkyl substituted one or more times, independently by C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′), or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇.
 30. The compound according to claim 13 wherein the (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) moiety is 1-(phenylmethyl)-4-piperidinamine, 2-[4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethylamine, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethylamine, 2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethylamine, 1-[(phenylmethyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl]amine, 3-[(1-pyrrolidinyl)propyl]amine, 3-[(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)propyl]amine, (1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)amine, 3-[(4-morpholinyl)propyl]amine, 3-[(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)propyl]amine, 2-[(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]amine, 2-[(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]amine, or [(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]amine.
 31. The compound according to claim 13 wherein R_(2′) is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl substituted by (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′) or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR_(e)R_(e′)C₁₋₄alkylNR_(e)R_(e′).
 32. The compound according to claim 31 wherein R_(e) and R_(e′) are independently selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, or t-butyl.
 33. The compound according to claim 13 wherein (CH₂)_(n)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) is 3-(dimethylamino)propyl(methyl)amine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, propylamine, (2,2-dimethylpropyl)amine, (2-hydroxypropyl)amino, 2-(dimethylamino)ethylamine, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amine, 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, 2-(methylamino)ethylamine, [(1-methylethyl)amino]ethylamine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, 3-(dibutylamino)propylamine, 3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propylamine, 3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)aminopropylamine, 3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropylamine, 4-(diethylamino)-1-methylbutylamine, or 3-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-(methyl)amino]propyl(methyl)amine.
 34. The compound according to claim 13 wherein R₃ is an aryl optionally substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence with halogen, nitro, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)SH, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)CN, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)S(O)₂NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)OR₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)C(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(═N(R_(10′))NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OC(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)NR₁₆R₂₆, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)N(R_(10′))C(Z)OR₇; and wherein R₆ is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl or a heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen may be optionally substituted; R₇ is C₁₋₆alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₆ alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl; and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted; R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl; R₁₆ and R₂₆ are each independently selected from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; or the R₁₆ and R₂₆ together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′); R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; n is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; m is independently selected from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; Z is independently at each occurrence selected from oxygen or sulfur.
 35. The compound according to claim 33 wherein R₃ is an optionally substituted phenyl.
 36. The compound according to claim 35 wherein the optional substituents on the phenyl ring are independently selected at each occurrence from halogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)OR₆, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(n)NR₁₆R₂₆, or halosubstituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl.
 37. The compound according claim 24 wherein the phenyl is substituted one or more times by halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino or CF₃.
 38. The compound according to claim 36 wherein R₃ is phenyl, 4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 2,4-difluoro-phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, or 2,6-dimethylphenyl.
 39. The compound according to claim 13 which is: 2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-Chloro-8-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-Chloro-8-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; and 2-(Hydroxy-hydroxymethyl-ethylamino)-4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one.
 40. The compound according to claim 13 which is: 4-Chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-amino}pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one; 4-chloro-2-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one; 4-chloro-8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-(4-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one; 5-chloro-7-{[3-(diethylamino)propyl]amino}-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one trifluoroacetate; 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl]-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one; or 5-chloro-1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one.
 41. A compound of the formula:

wherein Ry is bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; and Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl.
 42. The compound according to claim 41 wherein Rg is methyl.
 43. A process for making a compound of Formula (II) and (IIa) according to claim 1 wherein m=0, and G1 or G2 are CH, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula:

wherein Ry is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; and Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; with a olefin forming reagent in a suitable base to yield a compound of Formula (IIa), and optionally reducing to yield a compound of Formula (II).
 44. The process according to claim 43 wherein the olefin forming reagent is selected from Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)(methoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate, Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate, Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-(isopropoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate, (Diethoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid methyl ester, (Diisopropoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid methyl ester, (Diphenyloxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid methyl ester, (Diethoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, (Diisopropoxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, or (Diphenyloxy-phosphoryl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
 45. The process according to claim 44 wherein the base is selected from triethylamine, pyridine, diisopropyl ethyl amine, or pyrrolidone, or combinations thereof.
 46. The process according to claims 43 wherein the process further comprises an organic solvent.
 47. The process according to claim 46 wherein the solvent is chloroform, methylene chloride, acetonitrile, toluene, DMF, or n-methylpyrrolidine, or combinations thereof.
 48. The process according to claim 43 wherein the olefin forming reagent is Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)(methoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate, and the base is triethylamine.
 49. The process according to claim 43 wherein Rx is chloro.
 50. The process according to claim 43 wherein Rg is methyl.
 51. The process according to claim 43 which further comprises reacting the compound of formula (II) or (IIa) with an oxidizing agent to yield the corresponding sulfone or sulfoxide of formula (II), or (IIa) or a mixture thereof.
 52. The process according to claim 51 wherein the oxidizing regent is 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium periodinate, potassium periodinate, Oxone, OsO4, catalytic tertiary amine N-oxide, a peracid, oxygen, ozone, an organic peroxide, an inorganic peroxide, potassium permanganate, zinc permanganate, potassium persulfate, or sodium hyperchlorite, or a combination of hydrogen peroxide and sodium tungstate, acetic acid or sodium hyperchlorite.
 53. A process for making a compound of Formula (II), or (IIa) according to claim 1 wherein m=0, and G1 or G2 are CH, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula:

wherein Ry is chloro, bromo, iodo, O—S(O)₂CF₃; and Rg is a C₁₋₁₀alkyl; with an acylating agent in an organic solvent to yield a compound of Formula (IIa), and optionally reducing to yield a compound of Formula (II).
 54. The process according to claim 53 wherein the aceylating agent is acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.
 55. The process according to claim 53 wherein the solvent is chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, methylene chloride, acetonitrile, toluene, DMF, n-methylpyrrolidine, or dioxane, or a combination or mixture thereof.
 56. The process according to claim 53 wherein Rx is chloro.
 57. The process according to claim 53 which further comprises reacting the compound of Formula (II) with an oxidizing agent to yield the corresponding sulfone or sulfoxide of Formula (II), or a mixture thereof.
 58. The process according to claim 57 wherein the oxidizing regent is 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium periodinate, potassium periodinate, Oxone, OsO4, catalytic tertiary amine N-oxide, a peracid, oxygen, ozone, peroxide, an organic peroxide, potassium permanganate, zinc permanganate, potassium persulfate, or sodium hyperchlorite.
 59. A process for making a compound Formula (III), or (IIIa) according to claim 7, which process comprises reacting a compound of Formula (II) or (IIa) according to claim 1 with the compound X-Y, wherein X is as defined for compounds of Formula (III), and Y is NH₂, NH(R₁₀), OH, or SH in an anhydrous organic solvent to yield a compound of Formula (III), provided that a) X is R₂ and R₂ is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl; or b) X is (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2′)), and n′ is greater than
 2. 60. The process according to claim 59 wherein the solvent methylene chloride, chloroform, acetonitrile, benzene, THF, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, DMSO, DMF, toluene, DMF, acetone, n-methyl-pyrrolidine, or dioxane, or a combination or mixture thereof.
 61. The process according to claim 59 which further comprises a base.
 62. The process according to claim 61 wherein the base is triethyl amine, diisopropyl ethyl amine, NaH, n-Buli, tert-BuLi, tert-BuOK, Li₂CO₃, Cs₂CO₃ or pyridine.
 63. A process for making a compound Formula (III), or (IIIa) according to claim 7, which comprises reacting a compound of Formula (II) or (IIa) according to claim 1 with the compound X-Y, wherein X is as defined for compounds of Formula (III), and Y is hydrogen, a metal, a boronic acid derivative, or a trialkyl tin derivative, in an anhydrous organic solvent which does not contain a nucleophile to yield a compound of Formula (III) or (IIIa); provided that when Y is hydrogen then a) X═OR_(2′), or X is S(O)_(m)R_(2′) (and m=0); or b) X is (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))S(O)_(m)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(10′))C(O)R_(2′), (CH₂)_(n′)NR₄R₁₄, or (CH₂)_(n′)N(R_(2′))(R_(2″)) and n′=0; or c) X═R₂ and R₂═(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q′)X₁(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(q)C(A₁)(A₂)(A₃), q′=0, and X₁ is N(R_(10′)), O, S(O)_(m) and m=0. d) when X is N(R_(10′))—R_(h)—NH—C(═N—CN)NR_(q)R_(q′); and when Y is a metal, such as Li, Mg, or any other appropriate metal or metal complexes; then a) X is R₂, and R₂ is C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl C₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety; and when Y is a boronic acid, (B(OH)₂) or boronic ester derivatives a) X═R₂, and R₂=aryl, or heteroaryl; and when Y is a trialkyl tin derivative, such as (C₁₋₄alkyl)₃Sn, then a) X═R₂, and R₂=aryl, or heteroaryl.
 64. The process according to claim 63 wherein the anhydrous organic solvent is selected from CH₂Cl₂, chloroform, CH₃CN, benzene, THF, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, DMSO, DMF and toluene.
 65. The process according to claim 63 which further comprises a base.
 66. The process according to claim 65 wherein the base is triethyl amine, diisopropyl ethyl amine, NaH, n-Buli, tert-BuLi, tert-BuOK, Li₂CO₃, Cs₂CO₃ or pyridine.
 67. A process to make a compound of Formula (I) and (Ia) as defined herein which comprises reacting a compound of Formula (III), or (IIIa) according to claim 7 with a coupling agent selected from an arylboronic acid, a heteroarylboronic acid or their corresponding boronic acid esters, with a palladium catalyst, in a solvent, to yield a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia).
 68. The process according to claim 67 wherein the palladium catalyst is tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), PdCl₂, Pd(OAc)₂, (CH₃CN)₂PdCl₂, Pd(dppf)₂, or [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocene]-dichloropalladium(II).
 69. The process according to claim 68 wherein the palladium catalyst is tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0).
 70. The process according to claim 67 wherein the solvent is dioxane, THF, DMF, DMSO, NMP, acetone, water, or a combination or a mixture thereof.
 71. The process according to claim 70 wherein the solvent is THF and H₂0, or dioxane and H₂0.
 72. The process according to claim 67 which further comprises a base.
 73. The process according to claim 72 wherein the base is NaHCO₃, KHCO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, KOAc or a combination or mixture thereof.
 74. The process according to claim 72 wherein the base is K₂CO₃ or KOAc or a combination or mixture thereof.
 75. The process according to claim 67 wherein the arylboronic acid is R₁B(OH)₂, R₁B(O—C₁₋₄alkyl)₂, or

wherein R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; r is an integer having a value of 2 to 6; and R₁ is an optionally substituted phenyl.
 76. The process according to claim 75 wherein the phenyl ring is substituted by one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)COR_(a′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(O)H, ZC(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), N(R_(10′))C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); N(R₁₀)C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); or N(R_(10′))OC(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); and wherein R_(a′) is C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₄ alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)OR₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)NR₄R₁₄; and wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl may be optionally substituted; R_(b) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, which moieties excluding hydrogen, may all be optionally substituted; R_(d) and R_(d′) are each independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, or the R_(d) and R_(d′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 5 to 6 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′), and wherein the R_(d) and R_(d′) moieties which are C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, and the R₄ and R₁₄ cyclized ring are optionally substituted; R₇ is C₁₋₆alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₆ alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl; and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted; R₈ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted independently at each occurrence; R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; v is independently selected at each occurrence from 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to
 2. v′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; R₄ and R₁₄ are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₀ alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl; or the R₄ and R₁₄ together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; and wherein all of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted; R_(4′) and R_(14′)are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R_(4′) and R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′); R₅ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl or NR_(4′)R_(14′), excluding the moieties SR₅ being SNR_(4′)R_(14′), S(O)₂R₅ being SO₂H and S(O)R₅ being SOH; R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl; R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; R₁₁ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; R₁₂ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; and R₁₃ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted.
 77. The process according to claim 76 wherein the phenyl ring is substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈.
 78. The process according to claim 77 wherein R₈ is hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl, R₁₃ is hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl; R_(b) is suitably hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
 79. The proves according to claim 78 wherein the phenyl ring is substituted by 2-methoxy, 3-methoxy, 4-methoxy, 2-chloro, 3-chloro, 4-chloro, 2-fluoro, 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 4-difluoro, 2,4,6-trifluoro, 3,4-difluoro, 3,5-difluoro, 2-methyl-4-fluoro, 2-methyl-4-chloro, 2-methylsulfanyl, 3-methylsulfanyl, 4-methylsulfanyl, 2-phenyl, 3-phenyl, 4-phenyl, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-methyl, 3-fluoro-4-phenyl, 2-hydroxy, 3-hydroxy, 4-hydroxy, 2-methylsulfonyl, 3-methylsulfonyl, 4-methylsulfonyl, 3-N-cyclopropylamide, 2-methyl-3-fluoro-5-N-cyclopropylamide, 2-C(O)OH, 3-C(O)OH, 4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-5-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-3-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-3-F-5-C(O)OH, 4-F-phenyl1-amide, 2-ethyl-5-C(O)OH, 2-ethyl-3-C(O)OH, 2-ethyl-4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-5-dimethylamide, 2-methyl-4-dimethylamide, 5-dimethylamide, and 4-dimethylamide.
 80. The process according to claim 77 wherein the phenyl is di-substituted independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄ alkyl.
 81. The process according to claim 75 wherein the aryl is phenyl, 2-methyl-4-fluorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, or 2-methyl-3-fluorophenyl, 2-methyl-4-fluorophenyl, and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenyl.
 82. The process according to claim 75 wherein the phenyl is substituted in the 4- or 5-position by C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)v R_(b), Z is oxygen, and R_(b) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl.
 83. The process according to claim 82 wherein the phenyl ring is also substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl.
 84. The process according to claim 81 wherein the aryl is 4-methyl-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzamide, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide, 4-methyl-N-isopropylbenzamide or 4-methyl-N-propylbenzamide.
 85. A process for making compounds of Formula (I) and (Ia) as defined herein, which comprises reacting a compound of Formula (III) or (IIa), according to claim 7 with an R₁—ZnBr, R₁—ZnCl, R₁—Zn—R1, (R₁)₂—CuLi, R₁—Sn(CH₃)₃, R₁—Sn(CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃)₃, or other R₁-organometallic reagents with an organic solvent, to yield a compound of Formula (I) or (Ia).
 86. The process according to claim 85 wherein the solvent is dioxane, THF, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, hexane, ethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or a combination or a mixture thereof.
 87. The process according to claim 85 which further comprises a catalyst.
 88. The process according to claim 87 wherein the catalyst is tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), PdCl₂, Pd(OAc)₂, (CH₃CN)₂PdCl₂, or Pd(dppf)₂.
 89. The process according to claim 85 wherein the R₁-moiety in the organometallic reagent is a phenyl ring substituted by one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, nitro, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)NR_(d)R_(d′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)C(O)R₁₂, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)COR_(a′), (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(O)H, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)OR₈, ZC(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))C(Z)R₁₁, N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), C(Z)O(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), N(R₁₀)C(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); N(R_(10′))C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); or N(R₁₀)OC(Z)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b); and wherein R_(a′) is C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄ alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)OR₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)S(O)_(m)R₇, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)N(R_(10′))S(O)₂R₇, or (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)NR₄R₁₄; and wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl may be optionally substituted; R_(b) is hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₁₀alkyl, heterocyclic, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₁₀alkyl moiety, which moieties excluding hydrogen, may all be optionally substituted; R_(d) and R_(d′) are each independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₅ cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, or the R_(d) and R_(d′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring of 5 to 6 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′), and wherein the R_(d) and R_(d′) moieties which are C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₁₄ alkyl, and the R₄ and R₁₄ cyclized ring are optionally substituted; R₇ is C₁₋₆alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclylC₁₋₆ alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl; and wherein each of these moieties may be optionally substituted; R₈ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted independently at each occurrence; R_(9′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; m is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; v is independently selected at each occurrence from 0, or an integer having a value of 1 to
 2. v′ is independently selected at each occurrence from 0 or an integer having a value of 1 or 2; R_(4′) and R_(14′) are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, aryl-C₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic C₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl C₁₋₄alkyl; or the R_(4′) and R_(14′) together with the nitrogen which they are attached form an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic ring of 4 to 7 members, which ring optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen; and wherein all of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, are optionally substituted; R_(4′) and R_(14′) are each independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl, or R_(4′) and R_(14′) can cyclize together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 5 to 7 membered ring which optionally contains an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or NR_(9′); R₅ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl or NR_(4′)R_(14′), excluding the moieties SR_(s) being SNR_(4′)R_(14′), S(O)₂R₅ being SO₂H and S(O)R₅ being SOH; R₁₀ and R₂₀ are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl; R_(10′) is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl; R₁₁ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl; R₁₂ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl, and wherein these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted; and R₁₃ is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₇cycloalkenyl C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₄alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclyl, or a heterocyclylC₁₋₄alkyl moiety, and wherein each of these moieties, excluding hydrogen, may be optionally substituted.
 90. The process according to claim 89 wherein the phenyl ring is substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl, SR₅, S(O)R₅, S(O)₂R₅, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v′)OR₁₃, (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)NR₄R₁₄, C(Z)N(R_(10′))(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), and (CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)C(Z)OR₈.
 91. The process according to claim 90 wherein R₈ is hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl, R₁₃ is hydrogen, or C₁₋₄alkyl, such as methyl; Rb is suitably hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
 92. The proves according to claim 78 wherein the phenyl ring is substituted by 2-methoxy, 3-methoxy, 4-methoxy, 2-chloro, 3-chloro, 4-chloro, 2-fluoro, 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 4-difluoro, 2,4,6-trifluoro, 3,4-difluoro, 3,5-difluoro, 2-methyl-4-fluoro, 2-methyl-4-chloro, 2-methylsulfanyl, 3-methylsulfanyl, 4-methylsulfanyl, 2-phenyl, 3-phenyl, 4-phenyl, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-methyl, 3-fluoro-4-phenyl, 2-hydroxy, 3-hydroxy, 4-hydroxy, 2-methylsulfonyl, 3-methylsulfonyl, 4-methylsulfonyl, 3-N-cyclopropylamide, 2-methyl-3-fluoro-5-N-cyclopropylamide, 2-C(O)OH, 3-C(O)OH, 4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-5-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-3-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-3-F-5-C(O)OH, 4-F-phenyl1-amide, 2-ethyl-5-C(O)OH, 2-ethyl-3-C(O)OH, 2-ethyl-4-C(O)OH, 2-methyl-5-dimethylamide, 2-methyl-4-dimethylamide, 5-dimethylamide, and 4-dimethylamide.
 93. The process according to claim 89 wherein the phenyl ring is substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl.
 94. The process according to claim 93 wherein the phenyl is di-substituted independently at each occurrence by fluorine or methyl.
 95. The process according to claim 87 wherein the aryl is phenyl, 2-methyl-4-fluorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenyl, or 2-methyl-3-fluorophenyl.
 96. The process according to claim 87 wherein the phenyl is substituted in the 4- or 5-position by C(Z)N(R₁₀)(CR₁₀R₂₀)_(v)R_(b), Z is oxygen, and R_(b) is an optionally substituted C₁₋₁₀alkyl, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl.
 97. The process according to claim 96 wherein the phenyl ring is also substituted one or more times independently at each occurrence by halogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, or halo-substituted-C₁₋₄alkyl.
 98. The process according to claim 83 wherein the aryl is 4-methyl-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylbenzamide, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methylbenzamide, 4-methyl-N-isopropylbenzamide or 4-methyl-N-propylbenzamide. 